Papers by Janet McKennedy
The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of supercritical carbon dioxide to extract fat... more The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of supercritical carbon dioxide to extract fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata at low temperatures (37 and
55 oC) and pressures (5.9 and 7.6 megapascals (MPa)). A qualitative gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that the individual FAME extracted varied depending on the co-solvent (methanol or hexane) used with supercritical CO2. Using hexane, FAME compounds produced were similar to those extracted with soxhlet extraction alone while longer chain FAME were produced when methanol was the co-solvent. The effects of pressure and temperature variations were shown to be of statistical significance. The chromatograms produced in this work demonstrate that altering one of these parameters (co-solvent, temperature, pressure) can produce different compounds owing to the tunability of the technique.
This review evaluates the work which has been completed to date in the anaerobic digestion of sea... more This review evaluates the work which has been completed to date in the anaerobic digestion of seaweeds. In recent years, there has been significant interest in this area owing to the advent of peak oil and global warming creating insecurities in our reliance on fossil fuels. Seaweed as an energy source has the advantage of not using arable land for production and thus, not contributing to the food versus fuel debate in any significant way. Many macroalgal species have a high growth rate allowing for sustainable harvesting. Various different parameters have been highlighted in this work including macroalgal species, composition, temperature, pretreatments and system design. Ulva is one of the main species of interest at the present time owing to it's eutrophic effect creating problematic algal growth on many beaches.
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Papers by Janet McKennedy
55 oC) and pressures (5.9 and 7.6 megapascals (MPa)). A qualitative gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that the individual FAME extracted varied depending on the co-solvent (methanol or hexane) used with supercritical CO2. Using hexane, FAME compounds produced were similar to those extracted with soxhlet extraction alone while longer chain FAME were produced when methanol was the co-solvent. The effects of pressure and temperature variations were shown to be of statistical significance. The chromatograms produced in this work demonstrate that altering one of these parameters (co-solvent, temperature, pressure) can produce different compounds owing to the tunability of the technique.
55 oC) and pressures (5.9 and 7.6 megapascals (MPa)). A qualitative gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that the individual FAME extracted varied depending on the co-solvent (methanol or hexane) used with supercritical CO2. Using hexane, FAME compounds produced were similar to those extracted with soxhlet extraction alone while longer chain FAME were produced when methanol was the co-solvent. The effects of pressure and temperature variations were shown to be of statistical significance. The chromatograms produced in this work demonstrate that altering one of these parameters (co-solvent, temperature, pressure) can produce different compounds owing to the tunability of the technique.