The research analyzed the resident's perception and response to temperature variation in Jalingo ... more The research analyzed the resident's perception and response to temperature variation in Jalingo metropolis. Energy and comfort are affected more by temperature than by any other element of the physical environment. Physiological functions of the human body respond to changes in temperature, and incidences of certain diseases vary with temperature and the seasons. The state of the atmosphere (hot or cold air) even influences our mental and emotional outlook. The aim of the study was to analyze human perception and response to temperature variations among residents in Jalingo. Primary data was collected using pre-tested, wellstructured questionnaires. Secondary data was obtained from the archive of the upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, Yola for the period of ten years (2006-2015). A multi stage sampling technique was used in the selection of the respondents. This study concludes that temperature is greatly affecting the health as well as the socioeconomic activities of the inhabitants of Jalingo. The result also shows that there is just a little variation over the years even though temperature remains high. It is therefore recommended that Government should develop and implement early warning systems and intervention strategies to mitigate the health effects of extreme temperature events. Enhancing adaptation to heat events can be accomplished through the adjustment of indoor temperature via the improvement of building design, thereby ensuring that the indoor temperature predominantly falls within a comfortable range, irrespective of the outdoor temperature. Lastly, the Taraba state government, through pertinent agencies such as the Ministry of Education and Environment, should establish weather stations in all the Local Government Area (LGA) headquarters in the state, thereby enhancing accessibility to climatic data for regular monitoring purposes.
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 2009
The growing interest in ecology has had the unexpected effect of granting new relevance to a theo... more The growing interest in ecology has had the unexpected effect of granting new relevance to a theology interested not so much in the salvation of humans as in the salvation of the whole creation – non‐humans included. Since science studies has for many years probed several alternatives to the modernist divide between subject and object, it is interesting to combine the tools of science studies and theology to elicit a new contrast between nature and creation. Using tools from an anthropological inquiry of the moderns, the article draws a different connection between religion and science that bypasses the notion of nature.RésuméL'intérêt croissant pour l'écologie a eu pour effet inattendu de remettre en lumière une théologie qui s'intéresse moins au salut des humains qu'à celui de toute la Création, non‐humains compris. À l'heure où des études scientifiques explorent depuis de nombreuses années différentes alternatives à la dichotomie moderniste entre sujet et obje...
Journal of atmospheric science research, Feb 10, 2023
The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magn... more The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magnetic data acquisition set (MAGDAS) have been used to study the ionospheric Sq current system in the equatorial and lowlatitudes of Africa. The aim of this work is to separate the quiet-day field variations obtained in the equatorial and low latitude regions of Africa into their external and internal field contributions and then to use the paired external and internal coefficients of the SHA to determine the source current and induced currents. The method used involved a spherical harmonic analysis (SHA). This was applied in the separation of the internal and external field/current contribution to the Sq variations. The result shows that the variation in the currents is seen to be a dawn-to-dusk phenomenon with the variation in the external currents different from that of the internal currents both in amplitude and in phase. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the external current maximizes during the March equinox and minimizes during the December solstice. The maximum current observed in AAB and ILR is due to the Equatorial Electrojet Current present in the AAB and ILR stations. Seasonal variation was observed in the geomagnetic component variations as well as in the currents. This is attributed to the position of the sun with respect to the earth at different months of the year. The equinoctial maximum is observed in external current intensity which occurred mostly during the March Equinox.
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Feb 1, 2018
Maize production is of primary importance in the world, especially considering that its cultivati... more Maize production is of primary importance in the world, especially considering that its cultivation takes up one of the greatest ratios of land used for agricultural production. Based on analysis of rainfall pattern and thermal regime, maize phenological stages and harvesting dates has been investigated with the use of heatsum calculation along with the seasonal rainfall forecast by NIMET in relation to maize crop production. Data were collected from Agro-meteorological Observatory of Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Oshodi Lagos, Nigeria. Maize phenological records were collected during the period between 2005 and 2010. Also, information obtained includes phenological records for ten different period of maize crop forecast. The monthly mean values of all parameters are further average to get the annual mean. Microsoft Excel was used to show the correlation between these parameters rainfall, temperature and crop yield data between 1995 and 2010. Heat-sum calculation was employed as a forecasting guide of growing phase of maize crop and harvesting date in the study area. Graph of the yield are plotted against temperature and rainfall. Results show the length of growing-period with use of heat sum calculation and harvesting date of maize crop grown was forecasted. Results shows that maize crop could be grown with the use of crop weather calendar considering life history and mean dates of important epoch of crop growth and development of maize phonological stages, sowing to germination, germination to emergence, emergence to 3 rd leaf, 3 rd leaf to 9 th leaf, 9 th leaf to tasselling, tasselling to flowering, flowering to soft dough, soft dough to hard dough, hard dough to harvesting dates with total number of 73 days. Heat units, expressed in growing days are frequently used to describe the timing of biological processes. The basic equation used is HS = [(TMAX + TMIN)/2]−TBASE, where TMAX and TMIN are daily maximum and minimum air temperature, respectively, and TBASE is the base temperature. The methods of interpreting this equation for calculating heat-sum is if the daily mean temperature is less than the base, it is set equal to the base temperature or if TMAX or TMIN < TBASE they are reset equal to TBASE. Average rainfall observed was 30mm in 10 days with duration of wet spell > 4 days. High wind exceeded 40knot. The minimum temperature recorded was 10 0 C at night with maximum temperature of 40 0 C during the day. Furthermore, result show that 10 o C is the base temperature of maize below this, the growth will be zero. 25 o ─ 38 o C is the optimum temperature for best or highest yield.
Physical Science International Journal, Jan 10, 2017
The temporal variations in ambient carbon monoxide (CO) concentration has been investigated betwe... more The temporal variations in ambient carbon monoxide (CO) concentration has been investigated between weekdays and weekends through the analysis of a year-long measurement data between March 2009-February 2010 taken at the central business district in Akure, Nigeria. This area has air pollution problems, and the study of the weekdays-weekends effects is used as a tool to plan and develop strategies for air pollution mitigation measures considering the ongoing extremely rapid urban growth. CO was measured using portable Lascar EL-USB-CO sensor and logger mounted 3 meters above the ground on a lamp post with a sampling frequency of 30 seconds. 1 hour and 8 hour averages were then computed from the raw data using descriptive statistics:
The paper presents a micrometeorological study on the environmental benefits of trees in the Tara... more The paper presents a micrometeorological study on the environmental benefits of trees in the Taraba State University, Jalingo in Nigeria. Temperatures under three different surfaces (under trees and among different tree species, bare-ground and asphalted surfaces) within the campus were measured. The temperature under trees such as Mahogany (Khaya senegalenses), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.), Gmalaina (Gmalaina aborea), Mango (Mangifera indica) found on the University campus alongside bare-ground (no vegetal coverage) and asphalted road surfaces were measured in degree Celsius for a period of three weeks. Additionally, 113 copies of some self-structured questionnaires were administered to the students of the University from the departments of Geography, Agricultural Science, Biological Science, Medical Laboratory Technology as well as the Male and Female hostels on campus. Data collected were analysed using frequency, percentage, line graph and pie chart. The study showed that there i...
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International
Environmental regulation is a complex interdisciplinary effort involving ethical principles, poli... more Environmental regulation is a complex interdisciplinary effort involving ethical principles, political interests, scientific knowledge, and technological capacities, that covers environmental media and protection and conservation of wildlife, fulfilling environmental legislation requirement. Compliance is a substantial element of environmental regulation. This study appraised the siting of petrol stations and compliance to environmental regulations in Jalingo metropolis. Specifically, it assessed the extent of compliance in the siting of petrol stations in Jalingo metropolis and compared the compliance level of the three categories of petrol stations-Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), major oil marketers and the independent oil marketers. The study adopted the survey research design. Data was obtained from twenty (20) petrol stations, two hundred (200) copies of questionnaires using 3-likert scale and published documents. Both inferential and descriptive statistics was u...
ABSTRACT Climate change has remained a major problem around which global development policies are... more ABSTRACT Climate change has remained a major problem around which global development policies are framed. The effects of climate change are rising tremendously and are more evident in Africa with low adaptive capacity to the impacts of climate change and where climate change has led to drought and desertification with consequences for safety and security in the region. Although the connection between climate change and conflicts is well studied, there is little research on the geopolitical contribution of climate change to conflicts. Using a dominant qualitative approach based on secondary data and eco-violence theory, this study examines how geopolitics affects climate change-induced conflicts and displacement in West Africa. Drawing largely from Nigeria and Mali, the study argues that, despite the destructive effects of anthropogenic activities created by insufficient competing areas for livelihood and subsistence resources, the implementation of climate resolution among countries and regions of the world has remained obscure. The repercussions of the geopolitics of climate change are the insurgencies and cattle herders’ unrest in Africa, especially the West African region.
International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 2011
This study examined the variability of climate on road transport in Warri metropolis. To achieve ... more This study examined the variability of climate on road transport in Warri metropolis. To achieve this, the study generated data from archival records from the meteorological agency and National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW). Climate data was collected from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency, Warri and average cost of transportation from NURTW diary. The data were analysed using the Multiple Regression. From the study, rainfall in Warri and environs has increased over the years (1960–2010) by 199.85mm. Temperatures for the 30years (1960–2010) period were high with an increase of 1.38°C and a mean of 26.42°C. The highest and lowest mean annual temperature values of 32.83°C and 26.42°C in 2010 and 1974 respectively. Thus, if this warming continues there will be a risk of between 1.4°C and an urban warming of 4.18°C, indicating climate change. There is a significant relationship between transport cost and climate (rainfall, temperature and humidity) in Warri metropolis which is...
The study examined the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in estima... more The study examined the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in estimating the potential health effects of solid waste dump sites, located close to the residences within Jalingo town, in mapping out the existing dumpsites, in carrying out proximity analysis, and in assessing the impact of these dump sites on residences within the study area. Both, primary and secondary data were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The primary data were the geographical coordinates of all the dumpsites from the selected five wards in the study area. This was obtained using hand-held GPS. The secondary data applied included administrative boundary maps (Ancillary data) and recorded cases of malaria incidence from health facilities located in the area. Data were analyzed in ArcGIS 10.3 environment to display the X and Y coordinates and to obtain the spatial distribution of the dumpsites on a composites map. Geo-processing using ring buffering was carried out to form ...
The study investigated the effects of environmental degradation on human health in nine selected ... more The study investigated the effects of environmental degradation on human health in nine selected oil communities in Delta State. A total of 450 copies of questionnaires, specific oil spillage and gas flaring data within the selected communities were used. Result showed that 95.2% of the people had experienced environmental degradation from the oil producing communities and some agreed that most of the effects are still ongoing. The overall major cause of environmental degradation in all the oil producing communities is the negligence of duty by government agencies charged with oversight duties of monitoring and compliance (30.8%), Neglect of Environmental regulations/compliance (26.8%), corruption (23.6%), Lack of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports from Companies either at the beginning of the project or periodic assessment (14.7%) respectively. This has however given rise to high degree of sabotage that causes oil spillage in the area. Each community agreed that they wer...
The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is nece... more The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is necessary to at least create conditions under which it is possible to reduce the risks of injuries, diseases and deaths of people who are in the emergency zone. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the nature of the emergency, the hazardous substances that are released in connection with it. Theoretical analysis of various remote means of assessing the impact of emergencies of man-made areas on the ecological state of the atmospheric air of the surrounding areas. It has been found that the use of remote sensing equipment greatly simplifies the procedure of operational monitoring of the environment during emergencies, as well as contributes to the health of professionals. A comparison of different remote means of environmental monitoring of air quality was performed: In particular, stationary automatic stations, mobile automatic stations, probes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) we...
The variations in total water storage anomaly and groundwater balance were examined during 2002–2... more The variations in total water storage anomaly and groundwater balance were examined during 2002–2016. Based on the empirical orthogonal function, it was found that the water resource underwent high variability. The linear trend of hydro-climatic variables, total water storage anomaly, water budget, and its components have been investigated. For the area average, all the variables increased except for the potential evapotranspiration, which had decreased during the period of study. For the spatial distribution of trends in total water storage (TWS) in the northern Sub-Saharan Africa (NSSA), 44.76% underwent significant negative changes, whereas the proportion of areas that underwent significant negative changes was 24.84%. The results indicated that the precipitation and soil moisture were determinant factors for positive changes in TWS, whereas the potential evapotranspiration and temperature contributed to the reduction in TWS, respectively, implying a harmful effect of rising in temperature on water resources over the region. Moreover, a non-significant positive interdependence between the area-averaged TWS and the water budget (WB) was acquired. Positive correlations between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and TWS (WB) occupied 48.93% (37.86%), but negative correlations occupied 34.59% (28.49%) of the total area. Results of the relationships between TWS and NDVI were higher than that of NDVI and water budget over the period 2002–2015. The TWS and WB (water resources) played essential roles in the positive changes in the ecosystem. These findings are valuable for the management of agriculture, water resources, environment, and ecosystem, profiting from the implementation of policies at regional and local scales.
The study examined climate influenced challenges of accessibility to water by households downstre... more The study examined climate influenced challenges of accessibility to water by households downstream of the Upper Benue River Basin, Nigeria. Literatures related to the topic being investigated were reviewed. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of communities in Adamawa, Gombe, Bauchi and Taraba states. Eight different communities, two in each local government were sampled for the study. Simple random and purposive samplings were used for the study. A total of 351 respondents were selected for the study using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination. Data analysis was done using frequency tables percentages and mean statistics. The findings of the study showed that climate variability has great impact on water stress and threats to households' downstream in Upper Benue River basin represented with a mean 3.85 (decrease in the quality and quantity of surface water) as well as 3.43 (drying up of rivers and lakes). The study also revealed that water stress induced by climate variability has a significant effect on household livelihoods represented by 87% of the respondents in the study area. It was also revealed that that households downstream the basin are vulnerable to climate change and households in the study area have development strategies to contend with water stress so as to better their livelihood among which is surface water harvesting (2.78), reducing the number of times dishes are washed (2.96), reducing the quantity of water used for bathing (3.0) among others. The study recommended that stakeholders and the government should make proactive efforts to ensuring that alternative water sources are established in the study area to reduce water stress among the rural populace.
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2018
This study appraised the uses of some indigenous medicinal plants in Gashaka Gumti National Park ... more This study appraised the uses of some indigenous medicinal plants in Gashaka Gumti National Park and the methods used in exploiting and processing the plants. Data for the study were collected through field observation, interview, and structured questionnaire. A hundred and five (105) structured questionnaires were administered to local communities around the park. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings of the study reveal that there are about 35 families of medicinal plants species found in the Park and the majority of them are reported to be wild. There has been little effort to document these plant species. The findings also show that the bark, leaf, seed, root, and stem of medicinal plants are used for different purposes. The methods of processing these parts of the medicinal plants are boiling, soaking in water and pounding depending on the type of ailment or disease.
The study examined the effects of weather conditions on satellite television cable network recept... more The study examined the effects of weather conditions on satellite television cable network reception quality. The ex-post facto research design was used. The primary data were generated through personal observation/monitoring of Television sets that were connected to the three prominent networks (MYTV, DSTV, and HITV) in Warri. Rainfall stations were established in each of the sample areas and were used to collect rainfall amount between the months of May and August, being rainy season in the location. Additionally, wind speed, humidity, temperature and rainfall data were collected from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agencies office in Warri for 20 years. A total of fifteen (15) TV sets and fifteen modems of MYTV, DSTV and HITV satellite-cable network were utilized for this study. Results showed that there is variation in the trends of climate parameters in Warri. There is variability in the rainfall, relative humidity as well as the wind speed trends in Warri from 1991...
The research analyzed the resident's perception and response to temperature variation in Jalingo ... more The research analyzed the resident's perception and response to temperature variation in Jalingo metropolis. Energy and comfort are affected more by temperature than by any other element of the physical environment. Physiological functions of the human body respond to changes in temperature, and incidences of certain diseases vary with temperature and the seasons. The state of the atmosphere (hot or cold air) even influences our mental and emotional outlook. The aim of the study was to analyze human perception and response to temperature variations among residents in Jalingo. Primary data was collected using pre-tested, wellstructured questionnaires. Secondary data was obtained from the archive of the upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, Yola for the period of ten years (2006-2015). A multi stage sampling technique was used in the selection of the respondents. This study concludes that temperature is greatly affecting the health as well as the socioeconomic activities of the inhabitants of Jalingo. The result also shows that there is just a little variation over the years even though temperature remains high. It is therefore recommended that Government should develop and implement early warning systems and intervention strategies to mitigate the health effects of extreme temperature events. Enhancing adaptation to heat events can be accomplished through the adjustment of indoor temperature via the improvement of building design, thereby ensuring that the indoor temperature predominantly falls within a comfortable range, irrespective of the outdoor temperature. Lastly, the Taraba state government, through pertinent agencies such as the Ministry of Education and Environment, should establish weather stations in all the Local Government Area (LGA) headquarters in the state, thereby enhancing accessibility to climatic data for regular monitoring purposes.
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 2009
The growing interest in ecology has had the unexpected effect of granting new relevance to a theo... more The growing interest in ecology has had the unexpected effect of granting new relevance to a theology interested not so much in the salvation of humans as in the salvation of the whole creation – non‐humans included. Since science studies has for many years probed several alternatives to the modernist divide between subject and object, it is interesting to combine the tools of science studies and theology to elicit a new contrast between nature and creation. Using tools from an anthropological inquiry of the moderns, the article draws a different connection between religion and science that bypasses the notion of nature.RésuméL'intérêt croissant pour l'écologie a eu pour effet inattendu de remettre en lumière une théologie qui s'intéresse moins au salut des humains qu'à celui de toute la Création, non‐humains compris. À l'heure où des études scientifiques explorent depuis de nombreuses années différentes alternatives à la dichotomie moderniste entre sujet et obje...
Journal of atmospheric science research, Feb 10, 2023
The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magn... more The magnetometer data obtained for 2008 from geomagnetic stations installed across Africa by magnetic data acquisition set (MAGDAS) have been used to study the ionospheric Sq current system in the equatorial and lowlatitudes of Africa. The aim of this work is to separate the quiet-day field variations obtained in the equatorial and low latitude regions of Africa into their external and internal field contributions and then to use the paired external and internal coefficients of the SHA to determine the source current and induced currents. The method used involved a spherical harmonic analysis (SHA). This was applied in the separation of the internal and external field/current contribution to the Sq variations. The result shows that the variation in the currents is seen to be a dawn-to-dusk phenomenon with the variation in the external currents different from that of the internal currents both in amplitude and in phase. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the external current maximizes during the March equinox and minimizes during the December solstice. The maximum current observed in AAB and ILR is due to the Equatorial Electrojet Current present in the AAB and ILR stations. Seasonal variation was observed in the geomagnetic component variations as well as in the currents. This is attributed to the position of the sun with respect to the earth at different months of the year. The equinoctial maximum is observed in external current intensity which occurred mostly during the March Equinox.
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Feb 1, 2018
Maize production is of primary importance in the world, especially considering that its cultivati... more Maize production is of primary importance in the world, especially considering that its cultivation takes up one of the greatest ratios of land used for agricultural production. Based on analysis of rainfall pattern and thermal regime, maize phenological stages and harvesting dates has been investigated with the use of heatsum calculation along with the seasonal rainfall forecast by NIMET in relation to maize crop production. Data were collected from Agro-meteorological Observatory of Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Oshodi Lagos, Nigeria. Maize phenological records were collected during the period between 2005 and 2010. Also, information obtained includes phenological records for ten different period of maize crop forecast. The monthly mean values of all parameters are further average to get the annual mean. Microsoft Excel was used to show the correlation between these parameters rainfall, temperature and crop yield data between 1995 and 2010. Heat-sum calculation was employed as a forecasting guide of growing phase of maize crop and harvesting date in the study area. Graph of the yield are plotted against temperature and rainfall. Results show the length of growing-period with use of heat sum calculation and harvesting date of maize crop grown was forecasted. Results shows that maize crop could be grown with the use of crop weather calendar considering life history and mean dates of important epoch of crop growth and development of maize phonological stages, sowing to germination, germination to emergence, emergence to 3 rd leaf, 3 rd leaf to 9 th leaf, 9 th leaf to tasselling, tasselling to flowering, flowering to soft dough, soft dough to hard dough, hard dough to harvesting dates with total number of 73 days. Heat units, expressed in growing days are frequently used to describe the timing of biological processes. The basic equation used is HS = [(TMAX + TMIN)/2]−TBASE, where TMAX and TMIN are daily maximum and minimum air temperature, respectively, and TBASE is the base temperature. The methods of interpreting this equation for calculating heat-sum is if the daily mean temperature is less than the base, it is set equal to the base temperature or if TMAX or TMIN < TBASE they are reset equal to TBASE. Average rainfall observed was 30mm in 10 days with duration of wet spell > 4 days. High wind exceeded 40knot. The minimum temperature recorded was 10 0 C at night with maximum temperature of 40 0 C during the day. Furthermore, result show that 10 o C is the base temperature of maize below this, the growth will be zero. 25 o ─ 38 o C is the optimum temperature for best or highest yield.
Physical Science International Journal, Jan 10, 2017
The temporal variations in ambient carbon monoxide (CO) concentration has been investigated betwe... more The temporal variations in ambient carbon monoxide (CO) concentration has been investigated between weekdays and weekends through the analysis of a year-long measurement data between March 2009-February 2010 taken at the central business district in Akure, Nigeria. This area has air pollution problems, and the study of the weekdays-weekends effects is used as a tool to plan and develop strategies for air pollution mitigation measures considering the ongoing extremely rapid urban growth. CO was measured using portable Lascar EL-USB-CO sensor and logger mounted 3 meters above the ground on a lamp post with a sampling frequency of 30 seconds. 1 hour and 8 hour averages were then computed from the raw data using descriptive statistics:
The paper presents a micrometeorological study on the environmental benefits of trees in the Tara... more The paper presents a micrometeorological study on the environmental benefits of trees in the Taraba State University, Jalingo in Nigeria. Temperatures under three different surfaces (under trees and among different tree species, bare-ground and asphalted surfaces) within the campus were measured. The temperature under trees such as Mahogany (Khaya senegalenses), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.), Gmalaina (Gmalaina aborea), Mango (Mangifera indica) found on the University campus alongside bare-ground (no vegetal coverage) and asphalted road surfaces were measured in degree Celsius for a period of three weeks. Additionally, 113 copies of some self-structured questionnaires were administered to the students of the University from the departments of Geography, Agricultural Science, Biological Science, Medical Laboratory Technology as well as the Male and Female hostels on campus. Data collected were analysed using frequency, percentage, line graph and pie chart. The study showed that there i...
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International
Environmental regulation is a complex interdisciplinary effort involving ethical principles, poli... more Environmental regulation is a complex interdisciplinary effort involving ethical principles, political interests, scientific knowledge, and technological capacities, that covers environmental media and protection and conservation of wildlife, fulfilling environmental legislation requirement. Compliance is a substantial element of environmental regulation. This study appraised the siting of petrol stations and compliance to environmental regulations in Jalingo metropolis. Specifically, it assessed the extent of compliance in the siting of petrol stations in Jalingo metropolis and compared the compliance level of the three categories of petrol stations-Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), major oil marketers and the independent oil marketers. The study adopted the survey research design. Data was obtained from twenty (20) petrol stations, two hundred (200) copies of questionnaires using 3-likert scale and published documents. Both inferential and descriptive statistics was u...
ABSTRACT Climate change has remained a major problem around which global development policies are... more ABSTRACT Climate change has remained a major problem around which global development policies are framed. The effects of climate change are rising tremendously and are more evident in Africa with low adaptive capacity to the impacts of climate change and where climate change has led to drought and desertification with consequences for safety and security in the region. Although the connection between climate change and conflicts is well studied, there is little research on the geopolitical contribution of climate change to conflicts. Using a dominant qualitative approach based on secondary data and eco-violence theory, this study examines how geopolitics affects climate change-induced conflicts and displacement in West Africa. Drawing largely from Nigeria and Mali, the study argues that, despite the destructive effects of anthropogenic activities created by insufficient competing areas for livelihood and subsistence resources, the implementation of climate resolution among countries and regions of the world has remained obscure. The repercussions of the geopolitics of climate change are the insurgencies and cattle herders’ unrest in Africa, especially the West African region.
International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 2011
This study examined the variability of climate on road transport in Warri metropolis. To achieve ... more This study examined the variability of climate on road transport in Warri metropolis. To achieve this, the study generated data from archival records from the meteorological agency and National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW). Climate data was collected from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency, Warri and average cost of transportation from NURTW diary. The data were analysed using the Multiple Regression. From the study, rainfall in Warri and environs has increased over the years (1960–2010) by 199.85mm. Temperatures for the 30years (1960–2010) period were high with an increase of 1.38°C and a mean of 26.42°C. The highest and lowest mean annual temperature values of 32.83°C and 26.42°C in 2010 and 1974 respectively. Thus, if this warming continues there will be a risk of between 1.4°C and an urban warming of 4.18°C, indicating climate change. There is a significant relationship between transport cost and climate (rainfall, temperature and humidity) in Warri metropolis which is...
The study examined the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in estima... more The study examined the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in estimating the potential health effects of solid waste dump sites, located close to the residences within Jalingo town, in mapping out the existing dumpsites, in carrying out proximity analysis, and in assessing the impact of these dump sites on residences within the study area. Both, primary and secondary data were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The primary data were the geographical coordinates of all the dumpsites from the selected five wards in the study area. This was obtained using hand-held GPS. The secondary data applied included administrative boundary maps (Ancillary data) and recorded cases of malaria incidence from health facilities located in the area. Data were analyzed in ArcGIS 10.3 environment to display the X and Y coordinates and to obtain the spatial distribution of the dumpsites on a composites map. Geo-processing using ring buffering was carried out to form ...
The study investigated the effects of environmental degradation on human health in nine selected ... more The study investigated the effects of environmental degradation on human health in nine selected oil communities in Delta State. A total of 450 copies of questionnaires, specific oil spillage and gas flaring data within the selected communities were used. Result showed that 95.2% of the people had experienced environmental degradation from the oil producing communities and some agreed that most of the effects are still ongoing. The overall major cause of environmental degradation in all the oil producing communities is the negligence of duty by government agencies charged with oversight duties of monitoring and compliance (30.8%), Neglect of Environmental regulations/compliance (26.8%), corruption (23.6%), Lack of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports from Companies either at the beginning of the project or periodic assessment (14.7%) respectively. This has however given rise to high degree of sabotage that causes oil spillage in the area. Each community agreed that they wer...
The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is nece... more The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is necessary to at least create conditions under which it is possible to reduce the risks of injuries, diseases and deaths of people who are in the emergency zone. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the nature of the emergency, the hazardous substances that are released in connection with it. Theoretical analysis of various remote means of assessing the impact of emergencies of man-made areas on the ecological state of the atmospheric air of the surrounding areas. It has been found that the use of remote sensing equipment greatly simplifies the procedure of operational monitoring of the environment during emergencies, as well as contributes to the health of professionals. A comparison of different remote means of environmental monitoring of air quality was performed: In particular, stationary automatic stations, mobile automatic stations, probes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) we...
The variations in total water storage anomaly and groundwater balance were examined during 2002–2... more The variations in total water storage anomaly and groundwater balance were examined during 2002–2016. Based on the empirical orthogonal function, it was found that the water resource underwent high variability. The linear trend of hydro-climatic variables, total water storage anomaly, water budget, and its components have been investigated. For the area average, all the variables increased except for the potential evapotranspiration, which had decreased during the period of study. For the spatial distribution of trends in total water storage (TWS) in the northern Sub-Saharan Africa (NSSA), 44.76% underwent significant negative changes, whereas the proportion of areas that underwent significant negative changes was 24.84%. The results indicated that the precipitation and soil moisture were determinant factors for positive changes in TWS, whereas the potential evapotranspiration and temperature contributed to the reduction in TWS, respectively, implying a harmful effect of rising in temperature on water resources over the region. Moreover, a non-significant positive interdependence between the area-averaged TWS and the water budget (WB) was acquired. Positive correlations between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and TWS (WB) occupied 48.93% (37.86%), but negative correlations occupied 34.59% (28.49%) of the total area. Results of the relationships between TWS and NDVI were higher than that of NDVI and water budget over the period 2002–2015. The TWS and WB (water resources) played essential roles in the positive changes in the ecosystem. These findings are valuable for the management of agriculture, water resources, environment, and ecosystem, profiting from the implementation of policies at regional and local scales.
The study examined climate influenced challenges of accessibility to water by households downstre... more The study examined climate influenced challenges of accessibility to water by households downstream of the Upper Benue River Basin, Nigeria. Literatures related to the topic being investigated were reviewed. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of communities in Adamawa, Gombe, Bauchi and Taraba states. Eight different communities, two in each local government were sampled for the study. Simple random and purposive samplings were used for the study. A total of 351 respondents were selected for the study using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination. Data analysis was done using frequency tables percentages and mean statistics. The findings of the study showed that climate variability has great impact on water stress and threats to households' downstream in Upper Benue River basin represented with a mean 3.85 (decrease in the quality and quantity of surface water) as well as 3.43 (drying up of rivers and lakes). The study also revealed that water stress induced by climate variability has a significant effect on household livelihoods represented by 87% of the respondents in the study area. It was also revealed that that households downstream the basin are vulnerable to climate change and households in the study area have development strategies to contend with water stress so as to better their livelihood among which is surface water harvesting (2.78), reducing the number of times dishes are washed (2.96), reducing the quantity of water used for bathing (3.0) among others. The study recommended that stakeholders and the government should make proactive efforts to ensuring that alternative water sources are established in the study area to reduce water stress among the rural populace.
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2018
This study appraised the uses of some indigenous medicinal plants in Gashaka Gumti National Park ... more This study appraised the uses of some indigenous medicinal plants in Gashaka Gumti National Park and the methods used in exploiting and processing the plants. Data for the study were collected through field observation, interview, and structured questionnaire. A hundred and five (105) structured questionnaires were administered to local communities around the park. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings of the study reveal that there are about 35 families of medicinal plants species found in the Park and the majority of them are reported to be wild. There has been little effort to document these plant species. The findings also show that the bark, leaf, seed, root, and stem of medicinal plants are used for different purposes. The methods of processing these parts of the medicinal plants are boiling, soaking in water and pounding depending on the type of ailment or disease.
The study examined the effects of weather conditions on satellite television cable network recept... more The study examined the effects of weather conditions on satellite television cable network reception quality. The ex-post facto research design was used. The primary data were generated through personal observation/monitoring of Television sets that were connected to the three prominent networks (MYTV, DSTV, and HITV) in Warri. Rainfall stations were established in each of the sample areas and were used to collect rainfall amount between the months of May and August, being rainy season in the location. Additionally, wind speed, humidity, temperature and rainfall data were collected from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agencies office in Warri for 20 years. A total of fifteen (15) TV sets and fifteen modems of MYTV, DSTV and HITV satellite-cable network were utilized for this study. Results showed that there is variation in the trends of climate parameters in Warri. There is variability in the rainfall, relative humidity as well as the wind speed trends in Warri from 1991...
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