„BIBFRAME“ – Versionsunterschied

==HistoryGeschichte==

TheDer MARC Standards-Standard, whichden BIBFRAME seeksersetzen to replacesoll, werewurde developed byvon [[Henriette Avram]] <ref>{{cite web|last=Schudel|first=Matt|title=Henriette Avram, 'Mother of MARC,' Dies|url=https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/0605/avram.html|publisher=Library of Congress|accessdate=June 22, 2013}}</ref> atin theder USamerikanischen [[Library of Congress]] duringwährend theder 1960s1960er entwickelt. By1971 1971,war MARC formatszum hadnationalen becomeStandard thefür nationaldie standardVerteilung forvon dissemination of [[Bibliographic database|bibliographic data]]Katalogdaten in the UnitedUSA Statesgeworden, and1973 theauch internationalein standardinternationaler by 1973Standard.

In aeinem provocativelyArtikel titledvon 2002 article, library technologistargumentierte [[Roy Tennant]], argueddass that"MARC sterben muss" ("MARC Mustmust Diedie",). notingEr thatführte theals standardBegründung wasan, old;dass usedder onlyStandard withinveraltet theist, librarynur community;in andder designedBibliothekscommunity togenutzt bewird aund für die displayAnzeige, rathernicht thandie aSpeicherung storageoder orSuche retrievaloptimiert formatwurde.<ref name="tennant">{{cite journal|last=Tennant|first=Roy|title=MARC Must Die|journal=Library Journal|volume=127|issue=17|pages=26–27|url = http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2002/10/ljarchives/marc-must-die/}}</ref> AEin 2008Bericht report from theder Library of Congress wrotevon that2008 MARCstellte isfest, dass MARC "basedauf onvierzig forty-yearJahre oldalten techniquesTechniken fordes dataDatenmanagement managementbasiert andund isnicht outmehr ofim stepEinklang withmit programmingheutigen styles ofProgrammiertechniken todayist."<ref name=on-the-record>{{cite reportweb|title=On the Record|publisher=The Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control|url=https://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/news/lcwg-ontherecord-jan08-final.pdf|date=9 January 2008}}</ref>

InIm Jahr 2012, thekündigte die Library of Congress announcedan, thatdass itsie haddie contracted withDatenmanagement-Firma Zepheira, abeauftragt data management companyhatte, toeine developLinked-Data-Alternative azu linkedMARC datazu alternative to MARCentwickeln.<ref name=zepheira-release>{{cite web|title=The Library of Congress Announces Modeling Initiative|url=https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/news/bibframe-052212.html|work=BIBFRAME|publisher=Library of Congress|accessdate=28 May 2014}}</ref> LaterIm thatselben year,Jahr thekündigte librarydie announcedBibliothek aein newneues modelDatenmodell callednamens MARC Resources (MARCR). an<ref name=mccallum>{{cite web|last=McCallum|first=Sally|title=Bibliographic Framework Initiative Approach for MARC Data as Linked Data|url=http://igelu.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/IGeLU-sally-McCallum.pptx|work=7th Annual IGeLU Conference|accessdate=30 May 2014|date=13 September 2012}}</ref> Thatund November,veröffentlichte theim libraryNovember releasedeinen avollständigeren moreEntwurf completedes draftDatenmodells, ofdas thenun model,den renamedNamen BIBFRAME trug.<ref name=web-of-data /> {{refn|group=nb|For a detailed history of discontent with the MARC standards between Tennant's 2002 article and the 2012 announcement of BIBFRAME, see {{cite journal|last=Kroeger|first=Angela|title=The Road to BIBFRAME: The Evolution of the Idea of Bibliographic Transition into a Post-MARC Future|journal=Cataloging & Classification Quarterly|volume=51|issue=8|pages=873–890|doi=10.1080/01639374.2013.823584 |year=2013 }}}}

TheDie Library of Congress releasedveröffentlichte version2016 die Version 2.0 ofvon BIBFRAME in 2016.<ref name="overview20">{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html|title=Overview of the BIBFRAME 2.0 Model|last=|first=|date=21 Apr 2016|website=Library of Congress|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=6 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="mccallumJlis">{{cite journal|last=McCallum|first=Sally|title=BIBFRAME Development|journal=JLIS.it|volume=8|issue=3|pages=71-85|url= https://www.jlis.it/article/view/12415|doi=10.4403/jlis.it-12415}}</ref>

[[File:Bibframe2-model.jpg|thumb|Illustration ofdes BIBFRAME 2.0 model-Modells, withmit threedrei core levels of abstractionAbstraktionsebenen (in blueblau)—Work - Work, Instance, Item—andItem three-und relateddrei classesdamit verbundenen Klassen (in orange)—Agent — Agent, Subject, Event.]]

BIBFRAME is expressedist in [[Resource Description Framework|RDF]] andverfasst basedund onbasiert threeauf categoriesdrei ofzentralen abstractionAbstraktionsebenen (workWork, instanceInstance, itemItem), withmit threedrei additionalzusätzlichen classesKlassen (agentAgent, subjectSubject, eventEvent) thatdie relatemit toden thezentralen Kategorien coreverbunden categoriessind.<ref name=overview20 /> WhileWährend thesich ''workWork'' entity in BIBFRAME mayals beZusammenführung "consideredder as the union of the disjointKategorien ''workWork'' andund ''expressionExpression'' entities"<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zapounidou|first=Sofia|last2=Sfakakis|first2=Michalis|last3=Papatheodorou|first3=Christos|date=2016-06-01|title=Representing and integrating bibliographic information into the Semantic Web: A comparison of four conceptual models|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551516650410|journal=Journal of Information Science|language=en|volume=43|issue=4|pages=525–553|doi=10.1177/0165551516650410}}</ref> inim [[Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records|FRBR-Modell]] der [[International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions|IFLA's]] [[Functionalbegreifen Requirementslässt, forentspricht Bibliographicdie Records]]Kategorie (FRBR) entity relationship model, BIBFRAME's ''instanceInstance'' entityin isBIBFRAME analogousder to the FRBRKategorie ''manifestationManifestation'' entityin FRBR. ThisHierbei representshandelt anes apparentsich breakum witheinen Bruch mit FRBR andund theden FRBR-basedbasierten [[Resource Description and Access]] (RDA) cataloging codeKatalogisierungsregeln.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mitchell|first=Erik|title=Three Case Studies in Linked Open Data|journal=Library Technology Reports|volume=49|issue=5|pages=26–43|accessdate=28 May 2014}}</ref> However,Allerdings theweist originaldas BIBFRAME-Modell modeldarauf argueshin, thatdass thedas newneue modelModell "cannach reflectAnwendung thereduktiver FRBRTechniken relationshipsdie inFRBR-Beziehungen termsals ofGraph, astatt graphals ratherhierarchische thanBeziehung asausdrücken hierarchical relationships, after applying a reductionist techniquekann."<ref name=web-of-data /> SinceDa bothsowohl FRBR andals auch BIBFRAME havein beenRDF expressedformuliert in RDFsind, interoperabilityist betweenihre the[[Interoperabilität]] two modelsauf istechnischer technicallyEbene possiblemöglich.<ref>{{cite conference |title=Highlights of Library Data Models in the Era of Linked Open Data|last1=Zapounidou|first1=Sofia|last2=Sfakakis|first2=Michalis|last3=Papatheodorou|first3=Christos|date=November 19–22, 2013|publisher=Springer|booktitle=Metadata and Semantics Research|isbn=9783319034362|pages=396–407|conferenceurl=http://mtsr2013.teithe.gr/|conference=Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, Thessaloniki, Greece|editor1=Emmanouel Garoufallou|editor2=Jane Greenberg}}</ref>

===SpecificSpezifische formatsFormate===

WhileObwohl thedas BIBFRAME-Modell modelderzeit currentlyüber includeseine aKategorie ''serial''für entity[[Periodikum|Periodika]] verfügt, theregibt arees stillweiterhin aProbleme, numberdie ofgelöst issueswerden tomüssen, bebevor addresseddas beforeModell thefür modeldie canKatalogisierung bevon usedPeriodika forverwendet [[Periodical literature|serials]]werden catalogingkann.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fallgren|first=Nancy|author2last2=Lauruhn, |first2=Michael |author3last3=Reynolds, |first3=Regina Romano |author4last4= Kaplan, |first4=Laurie |title=The Missing Link: The Evolving Current State of Linked Data for Serials|journal=The Serials Librarian|date=2 May 2014|volume=66|issue=1-4|pages=123–138|doi=10.1080/0361526X.2014.879690}}<!--|accessdate=30 May 2014--></ref> In BIBFRAME lacksfehlen severaleinige serials-relatedDatenfelder datafür fieldsPeriodika, availabledie in MARC verfügbar sind.<ref>{{cite web|last1=kiegel|title=MARC 008 for continuing resources|url=https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe/issues/169|website=GitHub|accessdate=22 April 2015|ref=github165}}</ref>

AEin Bericht von 2014 reportäußerte wassich verypositiv positivezu onBIBFRAMEs BIBFRAME'sTauglichkeit suitabilityfür fordie describingBeschreibung audiovon andAudio- videound resourcesVideoressourcen. Allerdings However,wurden theauch reportZweifel alsoan expressedder some concern about the high-levelKategorie ''Work'' entitygeäußert, whichdie sich isfür unsuitabledie forBeschreibung modelingeiniger certainAudioressourcen audionicht resourceseignet.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Van Malssen |first1=Kara |title=BIBFRAME AV Modeling Study: Defining a Flexible Model for Description of Audiovisual Resources |url=https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/bibframe-avmodelingstudy-may15-2014.pdf |publisher=Library of Congress |accessdate=1 August 2014 |ref=van-malssen |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810111936/http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/bibframe-avmodelingstudy-may15-2014.pdf |archivedate=10 August 2014 |df= }}</ref>

* Colorado College'sDie Tutt Library hasdes createdColorado severalCollege experimentalhat appsmehrere usingexperimentelle Anwendungen unter Verwendung von BIBFRAME erstellt.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Nelson|first=Jeremy|title=Building a Library App Portfolio with Redis and Django|journal=code4lib|date=2013|issue=19|url=http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/7349|accessdate=30 May 2014}}</ref>

* 14 otherandere researchForschungsbibliotheken librarieserproben aredas testingModell the(Stand model2016).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/implementation/register.html|title=BIBFRAME Implementation Register|accessdate=6 July 2016}}</ref>

* ExLibris[[Ex publishedLibris aGroup|Ex roadmapLibris]] toveröffentlichte implementeine Roadmap für die Implementierung von BIBFRAME in itsihrem library systemsBibliothekssystem, whichinklusive includes aeiner MARC-tonach-BIBFRAME transformation-Konversion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.proquest.com/about/news/2017/Ex-Libris-Increases-Library-Connectivity-with-Implementation-BIBFRAME.html|title=Ex Libris Increases Library Connectivity with Implementation of BIBFRAME Roadmap |accessdate=8 May 2017}}</ref>

* [[Resource Description and Access|RDA]], [[Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records|FRBR]], [[FRBRoo]], [[Functional Requirements for Authority Data|FRAD]], andund [[FRSAD]] aresind available inim RDF-Format in theder Open Metadata Registry erfasst, aeiner [[MetadataDatenbank registry#Examplesfür of public metadata registries|metadata registry]]Metadaten-Schemata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metadataregistry.org|title=Open Metadata Registry|last=|first=|date=|website=Open Metadata Registry: supporting metadata interoperability|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-30}}</ref>

* Das Schema Bib Extend project-Projekt, aeine W3C-sponsoredvon communityder group[[W3C]] hasgeförderte workedGruppe toarbeitet extenddaran, [[Schema.org]] to makefür itbibliografische suitableDaten fornutzbar bibliographiczu descriptionmachen.<ref>{{cite web|last=Godby|first=Carol Jean|title=The Relationship between BIBFRAME and OCLC’s Linked-Data Model of Bibliographic Description: A Working Paper|url=http://oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/library/2013/2013-05.pdf|accessdate=30 May 2014}}</ref>

==SeeSiehe alsoauch==

* [[Linked dataOpen Data]]

==NotesExterne Links==