The research of this paper provides a useful insight into the many barriers leading to building s... more The research of this paper provides a useful insight into the many barriers leading to building services overdesign, within the context of NHS hospitals. The issue of overdesign in building services is a systemic problem, whereby numerous contributing factors manifest into an issue that inevitably leads to poor system performance and excess costs. A key factor leading to oversizing is the excessive and uncoordinated application of design margins across the various stages of a building services project. Poor communication between project stakeholders is another significant barrier that inhibits the distribution of information between design groups; unknown requirements, system redundancy and poor system specifications further add to the problem. There are many complex interrelationships associated with the building service design process in hospitals, with external stakeholders adding to the complexity. This points to the importance of effective communication between stakeholders and...
Energy consumed in buildings is a main contributor to CO2 emissions, there is therefore a need to... more Energy consumed in buildings is a main contributor to CO2 emissions, there is therefore a need to improve the energy performance of buildings, particularly commercial buildings whereby building service systems are often substantially over-designed due to the application of excess margins during the design process.The cooling system of an NHS Hospital was studied and modelled in order to identify if the system was overdesigned, and to quantify the oversizing impact on the system operational and embodied carbon footprints. Looking at the operational energy use and environmental performance of the current system as well as an alternative optimised system through appropriate modelling and calculation, the case study results indicate significant environmental impacts are caused by the oversizing of cooling system.The study also established that it is currently more difficult to obtain an estimate of the embodied carbon footprint of building service systems. It is therefore the responsibi...
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics Service, 2008
In this paper, a neural Pseudoderivative control (PDF) is applied to a nonlinear mathematical mod... more In this paper, a neural Pseudoderivative control (PDF) is applied to a nonlinear mathematical model of the Dinorwig pumped-storage hydroelectric power station. The response of the system with this auto-tuning controller is compared with that of a classic controller, currently implemented on the system. The results show how the application of PDF control to a hydroelectric pumped-storage station improves the dynamic response of the power plant, even when multivariable effects are taken into account.
Over the past 30 years handheld instrumentation has been developed that enables the detection of ... more Over the past 30 years handheld instrumentation has been developed that enables the detection of partial discharge activity with the plant in normal service. The continuing challenge in making meaningful field based partial discharge measurements is to reliably relate the severity of any detected partial discharge activity to the risk of failure of the item under test. The risk will be a function of such factors as the location within the test item, ambient conditions, materials, the severity of the activity and the history of failure (if any). This paper describes some of the field experience gained whist using this equipment and also introduces results from laboratory based accelerated ageing tests on 11kV vacuum switchgear that employed cast resin insulation material where partial discharge activity was observed from inception to failure..
22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013), 2013
A consortium comprising three UK Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) has deployed three superco... more A consortium comprising three UK Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) has deployed three superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) in the UK distribution system. Funding through the UK energy regulator's Innovation Funding Incentive (IFI) scheme is contributing to the DNOs' financial commitment to this project. The limiters have been supplied by Applied Superconductor Limited (ASL) which is now engaged in several additional projects including a 33kV pre-saturated core project for Northern Powergrid and a magnesium diboride based resistive limiter for Western Power Distribution.
The lifetime of distribution transformers is of concern due to the potential overloading and over... more The lifetime of distribution transformers is of concern due to the potential overloading and overheating caused by the uptake of more Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the low voltage electricity network. The lifetime of a transformer is predominately impacted by the hot-spot temperature, which can be obtained by thermal modelling. Thermal parameters are essential for implementing thermal modelling and, as explained in standards and literature, they can be derived from heat run test results. However, it is a common case that transformers already in operation do not have heat run test results. Therefore, in this paper, a method is proposed to assess the thermal performance and lifetime of a group of transformers with furan data obtained from the oil test and load data. Basically, parameters of the simplified IEC thermal model are estimated from hot-spot temperature and load data, whilst the hot-spot temperature is derived from the furan data. With this method, the transformer population can...
We investigate certain categorical aspects of Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives. For... more We investigate certain categorical aspects of Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives. For this, various recollements for Grothendieck categories of enriched functors and their derived categories are established. In order to extend these recollements further with respect to Serre's localization, the concept of the (strict) Voevodsky property for Serre localizing subcategories is introduced. This concept is inspired by the celebrated Voevodsky theorem on homotopy invariant presheaves with transfers. As an application, it is shown that Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives fit into recollements of derived categories of associated Grothendieck categories of Nisnevich sheaves with specific transfers.
Model Theory of Modules, Algebras and Categories, 2019
The derived category D[C , V ] of the Grothendieck category of enriched functors [C , V ], where ... more The derived category D[C , V ] of the Grothendieck category of enriched functors [C , V ], where V is a closed symmetric monoidal Grothendieck category and C is a small Vcategory, is studied. We prove that if the derived category D(V) of V is a compactly generated triangulated category with certain reasonable assumptions on compact generators or K-injective resolutions, then the derived category D[C , V ] is also compactly generated triangulated. Moreover, an explicit description of these generators is given.
Expansion of photovoltaic (PV) generation is increasing the challenge for network operators to ke... more Expansion of photovoltaic (PV) generation is increasing the challenge for network operators to keep voltages within operational limits. Voltage rise occurs in low voltage (LV) networks when distributed generators export, particularly at times of low demand. However, there is little work quantifying the scale of voltage issues and subsequently potential solutions across large numbers of real networks. In this paper, a method is presented to analyse a large quantity of geographically and topographically varying distribution networks. The impact of PV on voltages in 9163 real LV distribution networks is then quantified. One potential mitigation measure is increased network demand to reduce voltages. In this work, location algorithms are used to identify where increased demand, through energy storage, has the greatest effect on overvoltage. The study explores the impact on overvoltage of two modes of storage installation reflecting differing routes to adoption: purchase of storage by ho...
22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013), 2013
With the high growth in distributed generation in the UK and resulting challenges in distribution... more With the high growth in distributed generation in the UK and resulting challenges in distribution, there is a need for network operators to develop cost based tools to plan for and control technologies such as energy storage. This paper presents three methods for locating storage in LV networks to solve voltage rise problems. The methods are compared and evaluated and it is shown that careful heuristic selection and storage located in homes can provide significant savings for network operators.
A method for the coordination of multiple battery energy storage systems is proposed for voltage ... more A method for the coordination of multiple battery energy storage systems is proposed for voltage control in low voltage distribution networks. The main objective of this method is to solve over-voltage problems with multiple suitably sized energy storage systems. The performance of coordinated control is compared with non-coordinated control using both a Real Time Digital Simulator and a Matlab model of a real UK low voltage distribution network with a high installed capacity of solar photovoltaics. This is used to show that coordinated control is robust and effective at preventing voltage rise problems in low voltage distribution networks. The proposed coordinated control scheme is able to use the BESSs more evenly and therefore reduces the costs of battery replacement to the storage operator in terms of both number of batteries and maintenance visits.
CIRED 2012 Workshop: Integration of Renewables into the Distribution Grid, 2012
This paper examines the feasibility of energy storage in in a low voltage distribution network to... more This paper examines the feasibility of energy storage in in a low voltage distribution network to facilitate increased Distributed Generation (DG), and electricity demand. Modelling is used to quantify technical and financial benefits of storage over a 10 year period. Technical benefits are achieved through loss reduction, prevention of voltage rise and peak shaving. However, for energy storage to be financially feasible, all multistakeholder benefits need to be included in any investment strategy and regulation needs to be updated to foster energy storage adoption.
Wade NS. An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structu... more Wade NS. An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structures on the emergence of grid scale electricity storage.
The scale of the overvoltage problems that will be seen across a Distribution Network Operator’s ... more The scale of the overvoltage problems that will be seen across a Distribution Network Operator’s low voltage network is quantified for increasing levels of solar photovoltaic integration. This is completed on 9,163 real low voltage network models which have been extracted using a bespoke method from a Geographical Information System. Two configurations of distributed energy storage are investigated; home storage randomly taken up by customers; and storage directed by the Distribution Network Operator to areas where it will give the greatest effect on overvoltage problems. It is found that a planned approach is more effective in mitigating overvoltage than if consumers adopt storage in an ad-hoc manner, although the later can bring advantages.
Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produc... more Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produced protein foods to complement traditional dietary protein sources. To meet this need, a broad range of non-traditional protein foods are under active investigation. The aim of this review was to evaluate their potential effects on human health and to identify knowledge gaps, potential risks, and research opportunities. Non-traditional protein sources included are algae, cereals/grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, insects, mycoprotein, nuts, oil seeds, and legumes. Human, animal, and in vitro data suggest that non-traditional protein foods have compelling beneficial effects on human health, complementing traditional proteins (meat/poultry, soy, eggs, dairy). Improvements in cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism, muscle synthesis, and glycaemic control were the most frequently reported improvements in health-related endpoints. The mechanisms of benefit may arise from their diverse range...
Over 50 Under 50 76% said 'Yes' Overall, 90% of respondents indicated that their work either curr... more Over 50 Under 50 76% said 'Yes' Overall, 90% of respondents indicated that their work either currently contributed directly or indirectly to meeting real-world problems or it would be a priority for them in the future.
75 Inventors: Mark A. Burns; Carlos H. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Mastrangelo; Timothy S. Sammarco; Franc... more 75 Inventors: Mark A. Burns; Carlos H. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Mastrangelo; Timothy S. Sammarco; Francis P. Man; James R. Webster; Marmur and Lane, Proc. Nat. Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 46, 453 Brian N. Johnson; Bradley Foerster; (1960). Darren Jones; Yakeitha Fields; Adam Doty et al. Proc. Nat. Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 46, 461 (1960). Kaiser; David T. Burke, all of Ann Hayashi et al., Proc. Nat Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 50, 664 (1963). Arbor, Mich. Smith and Wilcox, J.Mol. Biol. 51,379 (1970). O O Southern, J.Mol. Biol. 98, 503 (1975). (73) Assignee: The University of Michigan, Ann Maxam and Gilbert, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:560 Arbor, Mich. (1977).
The research of this paper provides a useful insight into the many barriers leading to building s... more The research of this paper provides a useful insight into the many barriers leading to building services overdesign, within the context of NHS hospitals. The issue of overdesign in building services is a systemic problem, whereby numerous contributing factors manifest into an issue that inevitably leads to poor system performance and excess costs. A key factor leading to oversizing is the excessive and uncoordinated application of design margins across the various stages of a building services project. Poor communication between project stakeholders is another significant barrier that inhibits the distribution of information between design groups; unknown requirements, system redundancy and poor system specifications further add to the problem. There are many complex interrelationships associated with the building service design process in hospitals, with external stakeholders adding to the complexity. This points to the importance of effective communication between stakeholders and...
Energy consumed in buildings is a main contributor to CO2 emissions, there is therefore a need to... more Energy consumed in buildings is a main contributor to CO2 emissions, there is therefore a need to improve the energy performance of buildings, particularly commercial buildings whereby building service systems are often substantially over-designed due to the application of excess margins during the design process.The cooling system of an NHS Hospital was studied and modelled in order to identify if the system was overdesigned, and to quantify the oversizing impact on the system operational and embodied carbon footprints. Looking at the operational energy use and environmental performance of the current system as well as an alternative optimised system through appropriate modelling and calculation, the case study results indicate significant environmental impacts are caused by the oversizing of cooling system.The study also established that it is currently more difficult to obtain an estimate of the embodied carbon footprint of building service systems. It is therefore the responsibi...
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics Service, 2008
In this paper, a neural Pseudoderivative control (PDF) is applied to a nonlinear mathematical mod... more In this paper, a neural Pseudoderivative control (PDF) is applied to a nonlinear mathematical model of the Dinorwig pumped-storage hydroelectric power station. The response of the system with this auto-tuning controller is compared with that of a classic controller, currently implemented on the system. The results show how the application of PDF control to a hydroelectric pumped-storage station improves the dynamic response of the power plant, even when multivariable effects are taken into account.
Over the past 30 years handheld instrumentation has been developed that enables the detection of ... more Over the past 30 years handheld instrumentation has been developed that enables the detection of partial discharge activity with the plant in normal service. The continuing challenge in making meaningful field based partial discharge measurements is to reliably relate the severity of any detected partial discharge activity to the risk of failure of the item under test. The risk will be a function of such factors as the location within the test item, ambient conditions, materials, the severity of the activity and the history of failure (if any). This paper describes some of the field experience gained whist using this equipment and also introduces results from laboratory based accelerated ageing tests on 11kV vacuum switchgear that employed cast resin insulation material where partial discharge activity was observed from inception to failure..
22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013), 2013
A consortium comprising three UK Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) has deployed three superco... more A consortium comprising three UK Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) has deployed three superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) in the UK distribution system. Funding through the UK energy regulator's Innovation Funding Incentive (IFI) scheme is contributing to the DNOs' financial commitment to this project. The limiters have been supplied by Applied Superconductor Limited (ASL) which is now engaged in several additional projects including a 33kV pre-saturated core project for Northern Powergrid and a magnesium diboride based resistive limiter for Western Power Distribution.
The lifetime of distribution transformers is of concern due to the potential overloading and over... more The lifetime of distribution transformers is of concern due to the potential overloading and overheating caused by the uptake of more Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the low voltage electricity network. The lifetime of a transformer is predominately impacted by the hot-spot temperature, which can be obtained by thermal modelling. Thermal parameters are essential for implementing thermal modelling and, as explained in standards and literature, they can be derived from heat run test results. However, it is a common case that transformers already in operation do not have heat run test results. Therefore, in this paper, a method is proposed to assess the thermal performance and lifetime of a group of transformers with furan data obtained from the oil test and load data. Basically, parameters of the simplified IEC thermal model are estimated from hot-spot temperature and load data, whilst the hot-spot temperature is derived from the furan data. With this method, the transformer population can...
We investigate certain categorical aspects of Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives. For... more We investigate certain categorical aspects of Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives. For this, various recollements for Grothendieck categories of enriched functors and their derived categories are established. In order to extend these recollements further with respect to Serre's localization, the concept of the (strict) Voevodsky property for Serre localizing subcategories is introduced. This concept is inspired by the celebrated Voevodsky theorem on homotopy invariant presheaves with transfers. As an application, it is shown that Voevodsky's triangulated categories of motives fit into recollements of derived categories of associated Grothendieck categories of Nisnevich sheaves with specific transfers.
Model Theory of Modules, Algebras and Categories, 2019
The derived category D[C , V ] of the Grothendieck category of enriched functors [C , V ], where ... more The derived category D[C , V ] of the Grothendieck category of enriched functors [C , V ], where V is a closed symmetric monoidal Grothendieck category and C is a small Vcategory, is studied. We prove that if the derived category D(V) of V is a compactly generated triangulated category with certain reasonable assumptions on compact generators or K-injective resolutions, then the derived category D[C , V ] is also compactly generated triangulated. Moreover, an explicit description of these generators is given.
Expansion of photovoltaic (PV) generation is increasing the challenge for network operators to ke... more Expansion of photovoltaic (PV) generation is increasing the challenge for network operators to keep voltages within operational limits. Voltage rise occurs in low voltage (LV) networks when distributed generators export, particularly at times of low demand. However, there is little work quantifying the scale of voltage issues and subsequently potential solutions across large numbers of real networks. In this paper, a method is presented to analyse a large quantity of geographically and topographically varying distribution networks. The impact of PV on voltages in 9163 real LV distribution networks is then quantified. One potential mitigation measure is increased network demand to reduce voltages. In this work, location algorithms are used to identify where increased demand, through energy storage, has the greatest effect on overvoltage. The study explores the impact on overvoltage of two modes of storage installation reflecting differing routes to adoption: purchase of storage by ho...
22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013), 2013
With the high growth in distributed generation in the UK and resulting challenges in distribution... more With the high growth in distributed generation in the UK and resulting challenges in distribution, there is a need for network operators to develop cost based tools to plan for and control technologies such as energy storage. This paper presents three methods for locating storage in LV networks to solve voltage rise problems. The methods are compared and evaluated and it is shown that careful heuristic selection and storage located in homes can provide significant savings for network operators.
A method for the coordination of multiple battery energy storage systems is proposed for voltage ... more A method for the coordination of multiple battery energy storage systems is proposed for voltage control in low voltage distribution networks. The main objective of this method is to solve over-voltage problems with multiple suitably sized energy storage systems. The performance of coordinated control is compared with non-coordinated control using both a Real Time Digital Simulator and a Matlab model of a real UK low voltage distribution network with a high installed capacity of solar photovoltaics. This is used to show that coordinated control is robust and effective at preventing voltage rise problems in low voltage distribution networks. The proposed coordinated control scheme is able to use the BESSs more evenly and therefore reduces the costs of battery replacement to the storage operator in terms of both number of batteries and maintenance visits.
CIRED 2012 Workshop: Integration of Renewables into the Distribution Grid, 2012
This paper examines the feasibility of energy storage in in a low voltage distribution network to... more This paper examines the feasibility of energy storage in in a low voltage distribution network to facilitate increased Distributed Generation (DG), and electricity demand. Modelling is used to quantify technical and financial benefits of storage over a 10 year period. Technical benefits are achieved through loss reduction, prevention of voltage rise and peak shaving. However, for energy storage to be financially feasible, all multistakeholder benefits need to be included in any investment strategy and regulation needs to be updated to foster energy storage adoption.
Wade NS. An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structu... more Wade NS. An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structures on the emergence of grid scale electricity storage.
The scale of the overvoltage problems that will be seen across a Distribution Network Operator’s ... more The scale of the overvoltage problems that will be seen across a Distribution Network Operator’s low voltage network is quantified for increasing levels of solar photovoltaic integration. This is completed on 9,163 real low voltage network models which have been extracted using a bespoke method from a Geographical Information System. Two configurations of distributed energy storage are investigated; home storage randomly taken up by customers; and storage directed by the Distribution Network Operator to areas where it will give the greatest effect on overvoltage problems. It is found that a planned approach is more effective in mitigating overvoltage than if consumers adopt storage in an ad-hoc manner, although the later can bring advantages.
Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produc... more Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produced protein foods to complement traditional dietary protein sources. To meet this need, a broad range of non-traditional protein foods are under active investigation. The aim of this review was to evaluate their potential effects on human health and to identify knowledge gaps, potential risks, and research opportunities. Non-traditional protein sources included are algae, cereals/grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, insects, mycoprotein, nuts, oil seeds, and legumes. Human, animal, and in vitro data suggest that non-traditional protein foods have compelling beneficial effects on human health, complementing traditional proteins (meat/poultry, soy, eggs, dairy). Improvements in cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism, muscle synthesis, and glycaemic control were the most frequently reported improvements in health-related endpoints. The mechanisms of benefit may arise from their diverse range...
Over 50 Under 50 76% said 'Yes' Overall, 90% of respondents indicated that their work either curr... more Over 50 Under 50 76% said 'Yes' Overall, 90% of respondents indicated that their work either currently contributed directly or indirectly to meeting real-world problems or it would be a priority for them in the future.
75 Inventors: Mark A. Burns; Carlos H. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Mastrangelo; Timothy S. Sammarco; Franc... more 75 Inventors: Mark A. Burns; Carlos H. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Mastrangelo; Timothy S. Sammarco; Francis P. Man; James R. Webster; Marmur and Lane, Proc. Nat. Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 46, 453 Brian N. Johnson; Bradley Foerster; (1960). Darren Jones; Yakeitha Fields; Adam Doty et al. Proc. Nat. Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 46, 461 (1960). Kaiser; David T. Burke, all of Ann Hayashi et al., Proc. Nat Acad.Sci., U.S.A. 50, 664 (1963). Arbor, Mich. Smith and Wilcox, J.Mol. Biol. 51,379 (1970). O O Southern, J.Mol. Biol. 98, 503 (1975). (73) Assignee: The University of Michigan, Ann Maxam and Gilbert, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:560 Arbor, Mich. (1977).
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Papers by Darren Jones