Papers by Prof. Dr. Shyam N Labh
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2016
Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.), a large, deciduous and subtropical fruit tree has been recognis... more Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.), a large, deciduous and subtropical fruit tree has been recognised as a potential agroforestry tree for income generation for subsistence farmers in Nepal. The tree, locally called Lapsi, produces fruits with high vitamin C content, which are consumed fresh, pickled and processed for preparing varieties of sweet and sour, tasty food products that are marketed locally and have potentials for exporting. A total of 301 Village Development Committees in 29 hill districts have reported cultivation and protection of Lapsi trees for some socio-economic purpose. Lapsi was grown from east to west Nepal from 850 m asl to up to 1900 m. Distribution of Lapsi has been found in much wider areas in the country than reported earlier. Over 40,000 trees are at fruit bearing stage and more than 450,000 new trees are planted in various districts of Nepal.
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2016
Teleost fish lack the enzyme for endogenous synthesis of ascorbic acid (AA), an essential micronu... more Teleost fish lack the enzyme for endogenous synthesis of ascorbic acid (AA), an essential micronutrient for fish and fruits of lapsi are rich in vitamin C. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of higher levels of dietary vitamin C on growth and protein levels in the brain and liver of common carp, Cyprinus carpio through lapsi fruits supplemented in the diets. Six groups of C. carpio were fed with experimental diets containing lapsi fruits supplemented at 0 mg kg (T1), 100 mg kg (T2), 200 mg kg (T3), 400 mg kg (T4), 800 mg kg (T5) and 1600 mg kg (T6) for 70 days. Growth parameters (WG, SGR and FCR) and concentrations of vitamin C in brain and liver were estimated. Fish fed with lapsi fruits supplemented diet showed higher weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) up to 400 mg kg compared with control fish. Concentrations of vitamin C was found higher in liver of T4 diet fed group as compared to brain. In both tissues (brain and liver) the lowest vitamin C concentra...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2019
Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2020
Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (McClelland, 1839) is one among the notable species in snow-fed torr... more Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (McClelland, 1839) is one among the notable species in snow-fed torrential rivers of Nepal. The present study attempts to investigate some reproductive traits of N. hexagonolepis, including the length at first maturity, fecundity and its relationships with biometric variables like lengths (TL, SL, and FL) and weights (TW and OW) of the fish in the mid-reaches of Tamor River, Nepal. A total of 109 fish samples were collected from the river. For each individual, total length (TL), standard length (SL) and fork length (FL) were measured in a fully stretched condition to the nearest 1mm using a measuring tape and graduated ruler, while total weight (TW) and ovary weight (OW) was measured using a digital balance with the precision of 0.01 g. The mean absolute fecundity (F) was 8356.44 ± 4612.59 and ranged from 2398.6 to 20160. SL was more significantly correlated with absolute fecundity (R2=0.59; p<0.001) than other body metrics. The results showed that fe...
Coronaviruses infect many species of animals, together with humans, and have described for more t... more Coronaviruses infect many species of animals, together with humans, and have described for more than 50 years. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a strain of coronavirus in humans known for causing super-spreader events. Since late 2019 an outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, has rapidly spread across the world, devastating lives, and livelihoods. Coronaviruses are a massive family of viruses reported first in Wuhan, China, on December 31st, 2019. This new virus presents dangers: There is no known pre-immunity, no vaccine, and no specific treatment, and the infection is contagious, and everyone is presumed to be susceptible. This new coronavirus appears to target cells in the lungs and possibly other cells in the respiratory system too. Cells infected by the virus generate more virus particles, which can then spread to other people, for instance, by coughing. The novel coronavirus is now known as SA...
Archives of Clinical Microbiology, 2020
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) refers to a group of Gram-positive... more Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) refers to a group of Gram-positive bacteria that are genetically distinct from other strains of Staphylococcus aureus and is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. It constitutes the most severe contemporary challenges to the treatment of hospital-acquired infections Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of MRSA among clinical isolates of Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterium and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March to September 2018 at Everest Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, in which 526 samples isolated from various clinical specimens. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) identified by using the Cefoxitin (30 μg) disc diffusion method followed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2015) guidelines. Results: Most of the MRSA was isolated from pus, whic...
International Journal of Life Sciences, 2015
Article Information An experiment was conducted at Corona of Agriculture (COA)", Gunjanagar-3, Ch... more Article Information An experiment was conducted at Corona of Agriculture (COA)", Gunjanagar-3, Chitwan, Nepal to complete a project granted by University Grant Commission (UGC), Second Higher Education Project 2 (SHEP) in 2013. Four (average 380 m) ponds (W, X, Y and Z) with four different diets as D ((20%), D 1 2 (30%), D (40%) and D (50%) protein contents were used to conduct the experiment properly to 3 4 determine the varied proportion of dietary protein on the growth performance of major carp rohu th Labeo rohita (H) in relation with RNA: DNA ratio. After 12 weeks of culture, average length, average weight and specific growth rate of fish were found significantly (P<0.05) higher in the carp with D and 3 D diet fed fish. Similar results were observed in average total protein, albumin and globulin contents. 4 RNA content increased rapidly with age. The average RNA content increased highest in D and D diet 2 3 fed fish while, DNA content were highest in D diet fed fish. RNA: DNA ratio was recorded highest in D 3 2 and D diet fed fish. RNA: DNA ratio, an indicator of protein synthesis and have been used to accurately 3 estimate the growth rate and feeding condition of fish hence, as the dose of protein increased RNA and DNA contents also increased with age of carp cultured during experiment. Thus, it was clear from this study that the incorporation of protein in diet enhances the growth of fish regardless of species weight groups and the doses, as the average weight of fish was significantly lower in control diet fed fish as compared to the treated one.
Aquaculture is a source of livelihood for many economically under privileged people in the least ... more Aquaculture is a source of livelihood for many economically under privileged people in the least developed countries including Nepal. In recent years, with intensification and rapid development of aquaculture enterprises, occurrence of infectious diseases has cause huge economic losses. The main disease causative agents are bacteria, virus and parasites. The excess use of antibiotics and various synthetic chemicals have resulted in drug residue and resistant pathogens in treated fish. Drug residue pollutes the environment and threatens humans consuming them. Antibiotics that accumulate in the environment and fish pose a potential threat to consumers and to the environment. Increased public awareness of the negative effects caused by overexposure to synthetic chemicals has led to search for ''green drugs'' such as organic and synthetic chemical-free food products. In this regard, garlic (Allium sativum) as a natural antibiotic is the earliest known medicinal plant, ha...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca) on one of the Indian Major Carp Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton). Mrigal were fed with vitamin C (LATP-Ca) supplementation at doses of D1 (control), D2 (100), D3 (200) and D4 (400 mg/kg) diet for 56 days. The effect was assessed by comparing the biochemical blood profiles of a control group D1 and the group fed with vitamin C (LATP-Ca). Vitamin C supplementation exerted significant (P<0.05) effects on weight gain and the specific growth rate peaked in the group of fish fed with D4 diet while the concentrations of vitamin C in brain, heart, liver, head kidney and body muscles increased with increasing dose of vitamin C (LATP-Ca) in the D2, D3 and D4 diets fed groups respectively. Compared with control group, a significant (P<0.05) increase of total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium and alkaline phosphatase level (ALP) was ascertained in the vitamin C fed group. The values of ...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca) on Indian major carp Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) during intensive aquaculture. Mrigal were fed with vitamin C (LATP-Ca) supplementation at doses of D 1 (control), D 2 (100), D 3 (200) and D 4 (400 mg.kg-1) diet for 10 weeks. The effects were assessed by comparing the treated groups of fish to that of control group. Vitamin C supplementation exerted significant (P<0.05) effects on weight gain and the specific growth rate peaked in the group of fish fed with D 4 diet while the concentrations of vitamin C in brain, heart, liver, head kidney and body muscles increased with increasing dose of vitamin C (LATP-Ca) in the D 2 , D 3 and D 4 diets fed groups respectively. The lowest vitamin C was observed in body muscles. Significant changes in the mitochondria were observed in the ultrastructure of liver in which the number and sizes of mitochondria increased in the hepatocytes as th...
International Journal of Life Sciences, 2012
The present study was conducted to examine the influence of reconstituted wheat inclusion and enz... more The present study was conducted to examine the influence of reconstituted wheat inclusion and enzyme supplementation on growth of digestive and immune organs in broilers fed on reconstituted wheat-based diets. The gizzard weight was reduced (P<0.05) in groups fed on diets containing wheat either processed or unprocessed. The spleen weight was significantly (P<0.05) influenced due to dietary treatments. The small intestine length reduced significantly (P<0.05) in 50% reconstituted wheat with or without enzymes fed groups. On the other hand, the large intestine length tended to reduce in group fed enzyme reconstituted wheat replacing maize when compared to control and test groups. When different types of wheat grains were compared, the relative caecal length was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in groups fed diets containing wheat reconstituted with or without enzymes in comparison to groups fed diets containing raw wheat with or without added enzymes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/...
Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology, 2014
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C L-ascorbate 2-triphosphate (LATP-Ca)on Indian major carp rohu (Labeo rohita) (Hamilton) during intensive aquaculture. Rohu were fedwith vitamin C (LATP-Ca) supplementation at doses of D1 (control) and D2 (500 mg/kg) diet for 10weeks. The effects were assessed by comparing the treated groups of fish to that of control group.Vitamin C (LATP-Ca) supplementation exerted significant (P<0.05) effects on oocyte developmentof rohu (Labeo rohita). A number of distinct developmental stages of oocyte can be delineated andoocyte growth in major carp rohu (Labeo rohita) found in two distinct phases; primary growthphase (PGP) and the secondary growth phase (SGP). In PGP, oogonia, chromatin nucleolus, earlyand peri nucleolus stage oocyte with Balbiani’s vitelline body were observed while two types ofinclusions, lipid and protein, respectively were formed during vitellogenesis in the SGP. SGPdevelopment was found for a short period of...
International Journal of Biological Innovations, 2020
Moringa oleifera belongs to family Moringaceae, is one in every of the foremost useful trees with... more Moringa oleifera belongs to family Moringaceae, is one in every of the foremost useful trees within the world, with all the parts having nutritional and pharmacological properties. This research evaluated the impact of categorized nutritive insertion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) on survival, growth, and antioxidant systems, with a few immune-related organic phenomena in rainbow trout. Fish diets formulated (M0, M10, M20, M30, and M40) to contain 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of MLM as protein source supplemented with fish meal respectively. The rainbow trout fishes (6.57± 0.56 g) were randomly distributed into 15 plastic tanks (n=15) and fed the same (twice daily) for 90 days. Growth parameters (WG%, SGR, and FCR), serum protein contents (TSP, TSA, TSG, and A: G), enzyme contents (SOD, CAT, GPx, AST, ALT) and organic phenomena, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α genes were studied, compared to β-actin genes followed by blood morphology of trout. Fish fed MLM accompanied diet showed higher weight gain (349.31%) and SGR (1.35) and minimum FCR (1.33) values up to M20 (20%) group of fish fed MLM diet compared with control fish. Protein profile in blood and enzyme-like SOD, CAT, and GPx found higher while lower AST and ALT recorded altogether the treated groups compared to regulate. Similarly, MLM supplemented diets fed fish exhibited the expression of immune genes. Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-10 found significantly high (P < 0.05) compared to β-actin gene. Finally, this research showed that dietary supplementation of 20% MLM is perfect for effective growth performance, enhancing the antioxidant activities and answering some immune performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 2020
The complete blood cell count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool to monitor the ... more The complete blood cell count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool to monitor the health status of fish in response to changes related to nutrition, water quality, and disease in response to therapy.Thus, the present study was about to know the effect of lapsi fruit pulp (Choerospondias axillaris) on some blood parameters in the fingerlings of rohu Labeo rohita cultured in Corona of Agriculture Hatchery farm, Chitwan, Nepal. Altogether eighteen hapas made of heavy-duty nylon net (1.5m3) were kept and placed inside the pond, distributed linearly, and then 270 fingerlings (@15 fishes/ hapa) were kept distributed randomly. Six practical diets like T1 (0.0 g kg-1), T2 (0.1 g kg-1), T3 (0.2 g kg-1), T4 (0.4 g kg-1), T5 (0.8 g kg-1) and T6 (1.6 g kg-1) were prepared. Feed containing 40% protein was supplemented with the ethanol extract of lapsi fruits. At the end of 90 days of the feeding trial, a significant difference (P< 0.05) in blood parameters were observed between...
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2014
Aquaculture, one of the fastest growing food producing sectors, is gaining momentum in several pa... more Aquaculture, one of the fastest growing food producing sectors, is gaining momentum in several parts of the world. Diseases in fish constitute one of the most important problems and challenges for aquaculturists. Hence, aquaculturists undertake good management practices to ensure the production of healthy fish. Intensification has become a common practice in both finfish and shellfish culture to optimize the returns. High stocking densities, artificial feeding and fertilization have become common husbandry practices in carp culture systems. Due to intensification of culture practices, diseases in rearing of fishes have become major threat to the sustainability of aquaculture industry. Use of synthetic chemicals and antibiotics has been partially successful in preventing or treating fish diseases. Vaccination is an important tool in preventing infectious disease in humans and animals and both passive and active vaccinations are extensively employed in fish. A vaccine targets the spec...
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2017
Third National Fish Festival-2073 organized by Nepal Fish Traders' Association has commenced ... more Third National Fish Festival-2073 organized by Nepal Fish Traders' Association has commenced at Bhrikutimandap, Kathmandu on November 24, 2016. The Festival was inaugurated by Radhika Tamang, State Minister for Agriculture. Inaugurating the festival, Tamang assured of improving the policies and problems associated by fisheries business consecutively. Carp fishes are the major species and uncontrolled unmanaged capture fisheries dominants over systematic aquaculture. The festival started with a slogan "Swadesi Macha Khawoun, Swastha Rahaun" (Eat Domestic Fish, Stay Healthy) saw a significant number of visitors on its first day. The five day festival has a total of 60 stalls showcasing fish, fish foods, medicines and equipments for fish farming. Aquaculture is currently the fastest growing food production systems globally. It remains a vibrant and important production sector for high-protein food. Freshwater fisheries in Nepal are mostly dominated by catch up fisheries o...
Temperature is one of the environmental factors with greatest influence on the growth performance... more Temperature is one of the environmental factors with greatest influence on the growth performance of animals. Thus, a 12 week study was conducted to investigate the effects of different water temperature on length gain, feed conversion ratio and protein profile in brain of Indian major carp rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton 1822) in the wet laboratory of Fisheries Development and Training Center, Janakpurdham, Nepal. Altogether six treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6) of varied temperaturesas18-20 °C, 20-22 °C, 22-24 °C, 24-26 °C, 26-28 °C, 28-30 °C were fixed with the help of aquarium thermometer in 18 aquaria (three replicates). Natural climatic condition was at that time around 17-18 °C hence in T1 tank 18 °C was fixed in the beginning and after a month it was changed to 19 °C and in final month the temperature was fixed as 20°C, thus this tank was considered as control. Similar temperature variations were applied in other treated tanks and after 90 days of feeding final sampling wer...
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Papers by Prof. Dr. Shyam N Labh