Background and Purpose: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a disorder with a complex eti... more Background and Purpose: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a disorder with a complex etiology, documentary studies emphasized on the neurological bases of this disorder. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of neurofeedback on symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Method: The single case study design selected 3 children with ADHD between the ages of 8 to 9 years and was trained with neurofeedback in 40 sessions. Child Symptom Inventory (CSI-4) was used to gather of data. Results: For the analysis of data, was used visual analysis of charts, percentage of non-overlapping and overlapping data, Cohen's d effect size, significance of reliable change index (RCI) and percentage of improvement. The results of the analysis showed that all three subjects had significantly decreased scores in symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder during treatment and follow-up. The percent improvement in first participant 72/0, the seco...
This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on proble... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on problem-solving skills, hopefulness, and life satisfaction in teenage girls living in families with high tension. Methods: This research, in terms of purpose was an applied study using the pretest-posttest control group method. From the community of the 16 to 18-year-old girls from currently divorced parents who had referred to the court during the past 5 years. Individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The life satisfaction questionnaire by Diener, Basadur Creative Problem-Solving and Hopefulness questionnaires were used to collect data. Findings: Intergroup comparison showed that the difference between the mean scores of life satisfaction (p=0.042), problem-solving skills (p=0.049), and hope (p=0.012) between the experimental and control groups was significant. Therefore, administering group Impact Therapy was effective and increased life satisfaction, problem-solving skills and hope of adolescent girls in stressful families. Results: Impact Therapy helped participating teenagers cope with and overcome their stress by promoting resilience. Teenagers from tensionfilled families became more determined individuals and gained more control over the events surrounding them. In other words, these interventions helped people to better deal with various issues in life and even consider unpleasant events as opportunities.
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Apr 1, 2021
Introduction: The delinquency of children and adolescents can be considered as one of the most co... more Introduction: The delinquency of children and adolescents can be considered as one of the most complicated social issues that has engulfed the world today. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of life skills training on the level of hope in adolescent prisoners in the city of Basra, Iraq. Method: The statistical population of this study included all the delinquent adolescent boys of a prison in the Iraqi city of Basra. The research sample consisted of 40 of these adolescents who volunteered to participate in the research and were then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The tool used in this research was the Snyder Hope Scale. The research design was a pre-test, posttest, and follow-up test. To analyze the research hypotheses, multivariate and single-variable covariance analysis methods were used. Results: The results showed that life skills training significantly increased the hope and its components (agency and pathway thinking) in the experimental group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that adolescent prisoners could be trained with life skills to have a better and improved life experience through increased levels of hope.
Background: Psychopathy is a complex and controversial diagnosis of significant clinical and fore... more Background: Psychopathy is a complex and controversial diagnosis of significant clinical and forensic interest. However, little is known about how individuals with psychopathy interpret and construct their interpersonal environment. This is of critical importance to our understanding of psychopathy and the development of psychological treatments. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between early maladaptive schema (EMS), neuroticism, and psychopathic traits in an offender sample. Methods: Sixty-eight offenders participating in pre-sentence psychiatric and/or psychological intervention completed psychological tests measuring EMS, neuroticism, and psychopathy. Results: Consistent with theorising and empirical evidence supporting the presence of different types of psychopathy, the profile of EMS in this sample was significantly different for participants with higher levels of neuroticism. Participants with higher levels of neuroticism had higher scores on the following EMS: abandonment, mistrust/abuse, emotional deprivation, practical incompetence, vulnerability to harm, failure to achieve, insufficient self-control, subjugation, pessimism/worry, emotional inhibition, and defectiveness/unlovability. Conclusions: Higher neuroticism, irrespective of severity of psychopathic traits, is associated with a broad range of dysfunctional and pervasive beliefs about oneself and others. Key Points 1 Psychopathy was not characterised by specific early maladaptive schema. 2 Consistent with the primary/secondary psychopathy distinction, higher neuroticism was associated with a broad range of early maladaptive schema. 3 Secondary psychopaths likely experience a broad range of early maladaptive schema whereas primary psychopaths do not.
Since sexual relationship itself is an emotional excitement, one must study it in the context of ... more Since sexual relationship itself is an emotional excitement, one must study it in the context of emotions. Therefore, learning about the manner in which the two important psychological variables of alexithymia and emotional schemas relate and influence sexual dysfunction becomes important. The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of alexithymia on the relationship between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs in women and men with diabetes. Descriptive correlational methodology was used for this study. A total of 152 individuals (78 women, 74 men) diagnosed with diabetes were selected in person and online, through convenient sampling, who completed Leahy emotional schema scale (LESS, 2002), Farsi Toronto alexithymia scale (FTAS-20, 1994), and sexual dysfunction beliefs questionnaire (SDBQ, 2003) during a 3 month period. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and /ځشذبۇٴكوٴايٴض ٰٹٯٖ ٿٯؼٲ ضيٴز ٱټزعوٴبق پ ضبٳق / پ 62 / ٴبشؿثبس 1396 / 239 ٭ڂسٗس ف٣وٴ ٴايٴض اٴڃث ٿُثاض ضز ځٗجَ ځڂٹ٪بوٴ پسۇٴۇٴ٦ ٻۇٴث يٴ ځوٴبؼڃټ ڀبټ يٴ ٴبوٴظ ضز ځؿۇٴػ زط٧ٯٳٖ ځڂبؾضبوٴ ڀبټضيٴبث ... regression adjustment was used. Results of this research showed a significant positive correlation between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs and alexithymia and sexual dysfunctional beliefs (p=0/01). Regression analysis indicated that alexithymia played a moderating role between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs (p=0/05). From the research findings, it can be concluded that the link between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs is not merely a simple linear relationship, but can be influenced by alexithymia.
The present research was carried out to investigate possible correlation between handwriting and ... more The present research was carried out to investigate possible correlation between handwriting and age and education. The samples consisted of people in Hamedan of 200 participants (100 men and 100 women) who were chosen randomly through cluster sampling. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire and researcher-made Check-list of Persian graphology (Persian handwriting). To analyze data, descriptive statistics was used along with Pearson correlation and multiple regressions. Results from this study indicates a strong correlation between handwriting and age and education, Therefore, it can be concluded that graphology seems to be correlated with age and education and some of these features are predicted by people's handwriting.
Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Background. Enjoying family life and interpersonal or marital relationships as well as feeling sa... more Background. Enjoying family life and interpersonal or marital relationships as well as feeling satisfied are among the main desires of every person. Numerous studies show that self-differentiation is one of the most important intrapersonal and interpersonal elements in families, especially in Iranian ones, which is also associated with other psychological phenomena. Methods. This study was performed using the meta-analysis technique by integrating the results of various studies conducted in the field of consequences and preconditions of their differentiation in Iranian families. To this end, 33 eligible and acceptable studies were selected and meta-analyzed. Data collection was performed using a meta-analysis checklist. This study was based on 6205 samples and 33 sizes of effect. Results. The findings indicated that the effect size of the predictors and consequences of self-differentiation in Iranian families had a large-sized average effect (r=0.46, SE=0.06,1, P<0.001). Conclusi...
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on p... more Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on problem-solving skills, hopefulness, and life satisfaction in teenage girls living in families with high tension. Methods: This research, in terms of purpose was an applied study using the pretest-posttest control group method. From the community of the 16 to 18-year-old girls from currently divorced parents who had referred to the court during the past 5 years. Individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The life satisfaction questionnaire by Diener, Basadur Creative Problem-Solving and Hopefulness questionnaires were used to collect data. Findings: Intergroup comparison showed that the difference between the mean scores of life satisfaction (p=0.042), problem-solving skills (p=0.049), and hope (p=0.012) between the experimental and control groups was significant. Therefore, administering group Impact Therapy was effective and increased life satisfaction, problem-solving sk...
Background and Purpose: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a disorder with a complex eti... more Background and Purpose: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a disorder with a complex etiology, documentary studies emphasized on the neurological bases of this disorder. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of neurofeedback on symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Method: The single case study design selected 3 children with ADHD between the ages of 8 to 9 years and was trained with neurofeedback in 40 sessions. Child Symptom Inventory (CSI-4) was used to gather of data. Results: For the analysis of data, was used visual analysis of charts, percentage of non-overlapping and overlapping data, Cohen's d effect size, significance of reliable change index (RCI) and percentage of improvement. The results of the analysis showed that all three subjects had significantly decreased scores in symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder during treatment and follow-up. The percent improvement in first participant 72/0, the seco...
This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on proble... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on problem-solving skills, hopefulness, and life satisfaction in teenage girls living in families with high tension. Methods: This research, in terms of purpose was an applied study using the pretest-posttest control group method. From the community of the 16 to 18-year-old girls from currently divorced parents who had referred to the court during the past 5 years. Individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The life satisfaction questionnaire by Diener, Basadur Creative Problem-Solving and Hopefulness questionnaires were used to collect data. Findings: Intergroup comparison showed that the difference between the mean scores of life satisfaction (p=0.042), problem-solving skills (p=0.049), and hope (p=0.012) between the experimental and control groups was significant. Therefore, administering group Impact Therapy was effective and increased life satisfaction, problem-solving skills and hope of adolescent girls in stressful families. Results: Impact Therapy helped participating teenagers cope with and overcome their stress by promoting resilience. Teenagers from tensionfilled families became more determined individuals and gained more control over the events surrounding them. In other words, these interventions helped people to better deal with various issues in life and even consider unpleasant events as opportunities.
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Apr 1, 2021
Introduction: The delinquency of children and adolescents can be considered as one of the most co... more Introduction: The delinquency of children and adolescents can be considered as one of the most complicated social issues that has engulfed the world today. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of life skills training on the level of hope in adolescent prisoners in the city of Basra, Iraq. Method: The statistical population of this study included all the delinquent adolescent boys of a prison in the Iraqi city of Basra. The research sample consisted of 40 of these adolescents who volunteered to participate in the research and were then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The tool used in this research was the Snyder Hope Scale. The research design was a pre-test, posttest, and follow-up test. To analyze the research hypotheses, multivariate and single-variable covariance analysis methods were used. Results: The results showed that life skills training significantly increased the hope and its components (agency and pathway thinking) in the experimental group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that adolescent prisoners could be trained with life skills to have a better and improved life experience through increased levels of hope.
Background: Psychopathy is a complex and controversial diagnosis of significant clinical and fore... more Background: Psychopathy is a complex and controversial diagnosis of significant clinical and forensic interest. However, little is known about how individuals with psychopathy interpret and construct their interpersonal environment. This is of critical importance to our understanding of psychopathy and the development of psychological treatments. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between early maladaptive schema (EMS), neuroticism, and psychopathic traits in an offender sample. Methods: Sixty-eight offenders participating in pre-sentence psychiatric and/or psychological intervention completed psychological tests measuring EMS, neuroticism, and psychopathy. Results: Consistent with theorising and empirical evidence supporting the presence of different types of psychopathy, the profile of EMS in this sample was significantly different for participants with higher levels of neuroticism. Participants with higher levels of neuroticism had higher scores on the following EMS: abandonment, mistrust/abuse, emotional deprivation, practical incompetence, vulnerability to harm, failure to achieve, insufficient self-control, subjugation, pessimism/worry, emotional inhibition, and defectiveness/unlovability. Conclusions: Higher neuroticism, irrespective of severity of psychopathic traits, is associated with a broad range of dysfunctional and pervasive beliefs about oneself and others. Key Points 1 Psychopathy was not characterised by specific early maladaptive schema. 2 Consistent with the primary/secondary psychopathy distinction, higher neuroticism was associated with a broad range of early maladaptive schema. 3 Secondary psychopaths likely experience a broad range of early maladaptive schema whereas primary psychopaths do not.
Since sexual relationship itself is an emotional excitement, one must study it in the context of ... more Since sexual relationship itself is an emotional excitement, one must study it in the context of emotions. Therefore, learning about the manner in which the two important psychological variables of alexithymia and emotional schemas relate and influence sexual dysfunction becomes important. The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of alexithymia on the relationship between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs in women and men with diabetes. Descriptive correlational methodology was used for this study. A total of 152 individuals (78 women, 74 men) diagnosed with diabetes were selected in person and online, through convenient sampling, who completed Leahy emotional schema scale (LESS, 2002), Farsi Toronto alexithymia scale (FTAS-20, 1994), and sexual dysfunction beliefs questionnaire (SDBQ, 2003) during a 3 month period. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and /ځشذبۇٴكوٴايٴض ٰٹٯٖ ٿٯؼٲ ضيٴز ٱټزعوٴبق پ ضبٳق / پ 62 / ٴبشؿثبس 1396 / 239 ٭ڂسٗس ف٣وٴ ٴايٴض اٴڃث ٿُثاض ضز ځٗجَ ځڂٹ٪بوٴ پسۇٴۇٴ٦ ٻۇٴث يٴ ځوٴبؼڃټ ڀبټ يٴ ٴبوٴظ ضز ځؿۇٴػ زط٧ٯٳٖ ځڂبؾضبوٴ ڀبټضيٴبث ... regression adjustment was used. Results of this research showed a significant positive correlation between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs and alexithymia and sexual dysfunctional beliefs (p=0/01). Regression analysis indicated that alexithymia played a moderating role between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs (p=0/05). From the research findings, it can be concluded that the link between emotional schemas and sexual dysfunctional beliefs is not merely a simple linear relationship, but can be influenced by alexithymia.
The present research was carried out to investigate possible correlation between handwriting and ... more The present research was carried out to investigate possible correlation between handwriting and age and education. The samples consisted of people in Hamedan of 200 participants (100 men and 100 women) who were chosen randomly through cluster sampling. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire and researcher-made Check-list of Persian graphology (Persian handwriting). To analyze data, descriptive statistics was used along with Pearson correlation and multiple regressions. Results from this study indicates a strong correlation between handwriting and age and education, Therefore, it can be concluded that graphology seems to be correlated with age and education and some of these features are predicted by people's handwriting.
Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Background. Enjoying family life and interpersonal or marital relationships as well as feeling sa... more Background. Enjoying family life and interpersonal or marital relationships as well as feeling satisfied are among the main desires of every person. Numerous studies show that self-differentiation is one of the most important intrapersonal and interpersonal elements in families, especially in Iranian ones, which is also associated with other psychological phenomena. Methods. This study was performed using the meta-analysis technique by integrating the results of various studies conducted in the field of consequences and preconditions of their differentiation in Iranian families. To this end, 33 eligible and acceptable studies were selected and meta-analyzed. Data collection was performed using a meta-analysis checklist. This study was based on 6205 samples and 33 sizes of effect. Results. The findings indicated that the effect size of the predictors and consequences of self-differentiation in Iranian families had a large-sized average effect (r=0.46, SE=0.06,1, P<0.001). Conclusi...
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on p... more Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying the principles of Impact Therapy on problem-solving skills, hopefulness, and life satisfaction in teenage girls living in families with high tension. Methods: This research, in terms of purpose was an applied study using the pretest-posttest control group method. From the community of the 16 to 18-year-old girls from currently divorced parents who had referred to the court during the past 5 years. Individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The life satisfaction questionnaire by Diener, Basadur Creative Problem-Solving and Hopefulness questionnaires were used to collect data. Findings: Intergroup comparison showed that the difference between the mean scores of life satisfaction (p=0.042), problem-solving skills (p=0.049), and hope (p=0.012) between the experimental and control groups was significant. Therefore, administering group Impact Therapy was effective and increased life satisfaction, problem-solving sk...
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