Until recently, regional policy has been firm-centred, standardized, incentive-based and state-dr... more Until recently, regional policy has been firm-centred, standardized, incentive-based and state-driven. This is certainly true in the case of the Keynesian legacy that dominated regional policy in the majority of advanced economies after the 1960s. It relied on income redistribution and welfare policies to stimulate demand in the less favoured regions (LFRs) and the offer of state incentives (from state aid to infrastructural improvements) to individual firms to locate in such regions. Paradoxically, the same principles apply also to pro-market neoliberal experiments which have come to the fore over the last fifteen years. The neoliberal approach, placing its faith in the market mechanism, has sought to deregulate markets, notably the cost of labour and capital, and to underpin entrepreneurship in the LFRs through incentives and investment in training, transport and communication infrastructure, and technology. The common assumption in both approaches, despite their fundamental diffe...
* PART 1 - Conceptual Challenges * 1. Placing the social economy - Ash Amin * 2. Social economy: ... more * PART 1 - Conceptual Challenges * 1. Placing the social economy - Ash Amin * 2. Social economy: Engaging in a Third System - John Pearce * PART 2 - International Evidence * 3. Does it make a difference working for social cooperatives in Italy? - Carlo Borzaga * 4. Community economies in Massachusetts - Julie Graham and Janelle Cornwell * 5. Growth Dilemmas in social enterprises in Australia - Jenny Cameron * 6. Ethical challenges and diverse pathways in the Philippines - Katherine Gibson and Community Economies Collective * 7. Ethnographies of worker-run enterprises in Argentina - Jose Luis Coraggio * PART 3 - Institutional Imperatives * 8. Building the socidarity economy in South Brazil - Noelle Lechat * 9. The three pillars of the social economy in Quebec - Marguerite Mendell * 10. Building the social economy in Poland - Jerzy Hausner * 11. Europe: what kind of public policy for what kind of social economy? - Jean-Louis Laville
A tanulmány az Európa-eszme jelentését és relevanciáját értékeli egy multikulturális, a nem európ... more A tanulmány az Európa-eszme jelentését és relevanciáját értékeli egy multikulturális, a nem európai gyökerűek jelenlétéből és szokásaiból egyre többet merítő kontinens kontextusában. A kirekesztőnek és múltba nézőnek ítélt klasszikus Európa-eszme kritikáját adva egy alternatív Európa-eszme megalkotására is kísérletet tesz. Ennek alapja a migrációs térként érzékelt Európához tartozás különleges étosza, nem pedig az európainak nevezett embercsoport tovább élő kulturális értékei. Az egységet egalitáriánus politikai elvekkel biztosítja, mint a kulturális pluralizmust és különbözőséget egyszerre támogató és összekötő EU-szintű jogok. Olyan demokratikus vitalitást nyújt, melyben nincs sem eredet-, sem célmítosz, csak a polemizáló köznép iránti elkötelezettség.
The Mediterranean is a region long marked by linguistic, literary, culinary, musical and intellec... more The Mediterranean is a region long marked by linguistic, literary, culinary, musical and intellectual traditions of Catholic, Arab, Jewish, Turkish and Latin cultures. It has existed as a mutable space of adjacent and overlapping cultural and historical currents, defying neat cartographic or civilisational delineations of national identity. The Mediterranean's place within Europe, and particularly European integration over the last half century, however, seems increasingly fragile, as a growing number of Mediterranean nations turn inwards, partly because of misgivings towards wider forms of membership and affiliation, despite the very many ways they are co-constituted. The articles in this issue consider the fractures of belonging in Europe and some ways of mending them by alerting us to the deep history of the Mediterranean as a meeting ground and crossing point between cultures.
The authors argue that new ways of thinking about regions and territoriality have big implication... more The authors argue that new ways of thinking about regions and territoriality have big implications for regional policy within Britain.
Through the lens of South Africa's informal settlements, this paper explores the intersection... more Through the lens of South Africa's informal settlements, this paper explores the intersections between plans, practices and materiality. These three arenas are each presented as uniquely agen-tic, contributing to plural configurations. In doing so, this work questions a prevalent tendency to frame governance/government solely as relationships between state and non-state actors. By reintroducing the agency and power of matter and materiality, not as adjunct or background, but as a critical technology of government and/in place, this work contributes to a growing debate within the (emerging) urban socio-technical systems literature.
Interlocking Dimensions of European Integration, 2001
Non-white residents and citizens of the European Union (EU) have no role to play in the ‘Idea of ... more Non-white residents and citizens of the European Union (EU) have no role to play in the ‘Idea of Europe’, which remains an ideal of unity drawing on a Christian-Enlightenment heritage to bridge the diversity of European national cultures. The Idea has become a rallying call for European integrationists, who promise the preservation of national cultural specificity and autonomy. But, if asked in whose image integration and preservation, the answer returns, consistently, to a ‘Europeanness’ defined by native Christian-Enlightenment traditions. And yet, the member states — virtually all of them — have become a veritable mixture of people and cultures from around the world. This is the result of postwar immigration from ex-colonies and the active recruitment of ‘guest workers’, and, more recently, the arrival of asylum-seekers and economic migrants from many Middle Eastern, Asian and African countries.
The urban condition is the human condition. In 1950, one-third of the world's population live... more The urban condition is the human condition. In 1950, one-third of the world's population lived in cities, but by 2050, the figure is expected to rise to two-thirds, or 6 billion people. By 2015 each of the world's ten largest cities will house between 20 and 30 million people. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Arguably, even those people who are not included in these figures now owe most of their existence to the demands that cities place on the world economy. There can be no doubt that the last 100 years have witnessed a major shift in the world's spatial organization. The question is: what difference does this make-economically, socially, culturally, and politically? The answer to this question partly depends on how one defines a city. This is a problem. If the city is everywhere and in everything, if cities no longer have defined edges, if many settlements no longer settle, how can we find an object to grasp? In turn, if cities are the parentheses in the flows of the world, if they are the sites of diversity and difference, and if much of their rationale derives from their connections with other places, how can we grasp an object that is so internally inconsistent? So, we have the problem of where the city is located and what it does. Recently, there has been a frenzy of research on this problem, much of which has concerned the exact nature of political agency when it is increasingly mediated by urban institutions. Classically, urban political agency has been thought of in three different ways. One has been to imagine the city as a place with powers arising from its particular nature. The second has been to make claims for the city as a community, and the third has been to argue that in some way cities bestow citizenship. All of these responses are problematic in some way. No one can deny the specificity of place, but increasingly, places overlap with so many other places that it makes it very difficult to say that they are truly concentrated in one location. The second response is even more difficult in light of the extraordinary diversity of impulse and orientation in any given city. And the final response confuses a political category with a place. Instead of jettisoning these classical interpretations, however, they should be redefined since they continue to matter in today's world. Indeed, many contemporary global political issues are linked to these three different formulations of urban political agency. For example, the urban spectacle of anti-war protest cannot be ignored in any consideration of global geopolitics. Moreover, the close juxtaposition of peoples and cultures from around the world in cities has to be placed at the heart of any politics of identity, belonging, and affiliation, while the sheer environmental effects of cities themselves produce both enormous problems and practices that international regulators still sometimes see as beneath them even when they are all around them. Cities matter politically, not merely as sites where the political occurs, but as part of the political itself. What is the Polis? There are three instances of urban political agency. The first begins with the question of place specificity. The sheer physical nature of the city-its bricks and mortar, daily routines, wires and wheels-allow many people to continue to think of the city as a bounded space. But all of these mundane things connect up with other spaces, physical and virtual. None of them are complete unto themselves. Think only of the porosity of the modern house, with its multiple inputs and outputs from all over the world (and indeed beyond if we include satellites). Think of the modern park, with people and plants from around the world. Think of a car drive through the city, which for many people is their key experience of place, involving a constant hum of world noise if the radio is on, but also many sensings of a passing landscape that is never entirely local (the concrete comes from another country, the street lamp comes from another city, the grass seed or turf from a distant countryside). …
Cohendet argue that the time is right for research to explore the relationship between two other ... more Cohendet argue that the time is right for research to explore the relationship between two other dimensions of knowledge in order to explain the innovative performance of firms: between knowledge that is 'possessed' and knowledge that is 'practiced' generally within communities of like-minded employees in a firm. The impetus behind this argument is both conceptual and empirical. Conceptually, there is a need to explore the interaction of knowledge that firms possess in the form of established competencies of stored memory, with the knowing that occurs in distributed communities through the conscious and unconscious acts of social interaction. Empirically, the impetus comes from the challenge faced by firms to the hierarchically defined architecture that bring together specialized units of ((possessed)) knowledge and the distributed and always unstable architecture of knowledge that draws on the continuously changing capacity of interpretation among actors. In this book, these questions of the dynamics of innovating/learning through practices of knowing, and the management of the interface between transactional and knowledge imperatives, are approached in a cross-disciplinary and empirically grounded manner. The book is the synthesis of an innovative encounter between a socio-spatial theorist and an economist. The book results from the delicate interplay between two very different epistemologies and consequent positions, but which progressively converged towards what is hoped to be a novel vision. The book begins by explaining why knowledge is becoming more of a core element of the value-generating process in the economy, then juxtaposes the economic and cognitive theorization's of knowledge in firms with pragmatic and socially grounded theorization's and a critical exploration of the neglected dimension of the spatiality of knowledge formation in firms. The book concludes by discussing the corporate governance implications of learning based on competencies and communities, and a how national science and technology policies might respond to the idea of learning as a distributed, non-cognitive, practice-based phenomenon.
Gran Empresa Y Desarrollo Economico 1997 Isbn 84 7738 484 3 Pags 95 119, 1997
Información del artículo El potencial de desarrollo reginal de las inversiones externas en las re... more Información del artículo El potencial de desarrollo reginal de las inversiones externas en las regiones menos favorecidas de la Comunidad Europea.
Until recently, regional policy has been firm-centred, standardized, incentive-based and state-dr... more Until recently, regional policy has been firm-centred, standardized, incentive-based and state-driven. This is certainly true in the case of the Keynesian legacy that dominated regional policy in the majority of advanced economies after the 1960s. It relied on income redistribution and welfare policies to stimulate demand in the less favoured regions (LFRs) and the offer of state incentives (from state aid to infrastructural improvements) to individual firms to locate in such regions. Paradoxically, the same principles apply also to pro-market neoliberal experiments which have come to the fore over the last fifteen years. The neoliberal approach, placing its faith in the market mechanism, has sought to deregulate markets, notably the cost of labour and capital, and to underpin entrepreneurship in the LFRs through incentives and investment in training, transport and communication infrastructure, and technology. The common assumption in both approaches, despite their fundamental diffe...
* PART 1 - Conceptual Challenges * 1. Placing the social economy - Ash Amin * 2. Social economy: ... more * PART 1 - Conceptual Challenges * 1. Placing the social economy - Ash Amin * 2. Social economy: Engaging in a Third System - John Pearce * PART 2 - International Evidence * 3. Does it make a difference working for social cooperatives in Italy? - Carlo Borzaga * 4. Community economies in Massachusetts - Julie Graham and Janelle Cornwell * 5. Growth Dilemmas in social enterprises in Australia - Jenny Cameron * 6. Ethical challenges and diverse pathways in the Philippines - Katherine Gibson and Community Economies Collective * 7. Ethnographies of worker-run enterprises in Argentina - Jose Luis Coraggio * PART 3 - Institutional Imperatives * 8. Building the socidarity economy in South Brazil - Noelle Lechat * 9. The three pillars of the social economy in Quebec - Marguerite Mendell * 10. Building the social economy in Poland - Jerzy Hausner * 11. Europe: what kind of public policy for what kind of social economy? - Jean-Louis Laville
A tanulmány az Európa-eszme jelentését és relevanciáját értékeli egy multikulturális, a nem európ... more A tanulmány az Európa-eszme jelentését és relevanciáját értékeli egy multikulturális, a nem európai gyökerűek jelenlétéből és szokásaiból egyre többet merítő kontinens kontextusában. A kirekesztőnek és múltba nézőnek ítélt klasszikus Európa-eszme kritikáját adva egy alternatív Európa-eszme megalkotására is kísérletet tesz. Ennek alapja a migrációs térként érzékelt Európához tartozás különleges étosza, nem pedig az európainak nevezett embercsoport tovább élő kulturális értékei. Az egységet egalitáriánus politikai elvekkel biztosítja, mint a kulturális pluralizmust és különbözőséget egyszerre támogató és összekötő EU-szintű jogok. Olyan demokratikus vitalitást nyújt, melyben nincs sem eredet-, sem célmítosz, csak a polemizáló köznép iránti elkötelezettség.
The Mediterranean is a region long marked by linguistic, literary, culinary, musical and intellec... more The Mediterranean is a region long marked by linguistic, literary, culinary, musical and intellectual traditions of Catholic, Arab, Jewish, Turkish and Latin cultures. It has existed as a mutable space of adjacent and overlapping cultural and historical currents, defying neat cartographic or civilisational delineations of national identity. The Mediterranean's place within Europe, and particularly European integration over the last half century, however, seems increasingly fragile, as a growing number of Mediterranean nations turn inwards, partly because of misgivings towards wider forms of membership and affiliation, despite the very many ways they are co-constituted. The articles in this issue consider the fractures of belonging in Europe and some ways of mending them by alerting us to the deep history of the Mediterranean as a meeting ground and crossing point between cultures.
The authors argue that new ways of thinking about regions and territoriality have big implication... more The authors argue that new ways of thinking about regions and territoriality have big implications for regional policy within Britain.
Through the lens of South Africa's informal settlements, this paper explores the intersection... more Through the lens of South Africa's informal settlements, this paper explores the intersections between plans, practices and materiality. These three arenas are each presented as uniquely agen-tic, contributing to plural configurations. In doing so, this work questions a prevalent tendency to frame governance/government solely as relationships between state and non-state actors. By reintroducing the agency and power of matter and materiality, not as adjunct or background, but as a critical technology of government and/in place, this work contributes to a growing debate within the (emerging) urban socio-technical systems literature.
Interlocking Dimensions of European Integration, 2001
Non-white residents and citizens of the European Union (EU) have no role to play in the ‘Idea of ... more Non-white residents and citizens of the European Union (EU) have no role to play in the ‘Idea of Europe’, which remains an ideal of unity drawing on a Christian-Enlightenment heritage to bridge the diversity of European national cultures. The Idea has become a rallying call for European integrationists, who promise the preservation of national cultural specificity and autonomy. But, if asked in whose image integration and preservation, the answer returns, consistently, to a ‘Europeanness’ defined by native Christian-Enlightenment traditions. And yet, the member states — virtually all of them — have become a veritable mixture of people and cultures from around the world. This is the result of postwar immigration from ex-colonies and the active recruitment of ‘guest workers’, and, more recently, the arrival of asylum-seekers and economic migrants from many Middle Eastern, Asian and African countries.
The urban condition is the human condition. In 1950, one-third of the world's population live... more The urban condition is the human condition. In 1950, one-third of the world's population lived in cities, but by 2050, the figure is expected to rise to two-thirds, or 6 billion people. By 2015 each of the world's ten largest cities will house between 20 and 30 million people. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Arguably, even those people who are not included in these figures now owe most of their existence to the demands that cities place on the world economy. There can be no doubt that the last 100 years have witnessed a major shift in the world's spatial organization. The question is: what difference does this make-economically, socially, culturally, and politically? The answer to this question partly depends on how one defines a city. This is a problem. If the city is everywhere and in everything, if cities no longer have defined edges, if many settlements no longer settle, how can we find an object to grasp? In turn, if cities are the parentheses in the flows of the world, if they are the sites of diversity and difference, and if much of their rationale derives from their connections with other places, how can we grasp an object that is so internally inconsistent? So, we have the problem of where the city is located and what it does. Recently, there has been a frenzy of research on this problem, much of which has concerned the exact nature of political agency when it is increasingly mediated by urban institutions. Classically, urban political agency has been thought of in three different ways. One has been to imagine the city as a place with powers arising from its particular nature. The second has been to make claims for the city as a community, and the third has been to argue that in some way cities bestow citizenship. All of these responses are problematic in some way. No one can deny the specificity of place, but increasingly, places overlap with so many other places that it makes it very difficult to say that they are truly concentrated in one location. The second response is even more difficult in light of the extraordinary diversity of impulse and orientation in any given city. And the final response confuses a political category with a place. Instead of jettisoning these classical interpretations, however, they should be redefined since they continue to matter in today's world. Indeed, many contemporary global political issues are linked to these three different formulations of urban political agency. For example, the urban spectacle of anti-war protest cannot be ignored in any consideration of global geopolitics. Moreover, the close juxtaposition of peoples and cultures from around the world in cities has to be placed at the heart of any politics of identity, belonging, and affiliation, while the sheer environmental effects of cities themselves produce both enormous problems and practices that international regulators still sometimes see as beneath them even when they are all around them. Cities matter politically, not merely as sites where the political occurs, but as part of the political itself. What is the Polis? There are three instances of urban political agency. The first begins with the question of place specificity. The sheer physical nature of the city-its bricks and mortar, daily routines, wires and wheels-allow many people to continue to think of the city as a bounded space. But all of these mundane things connect up with other spaces, physical and virtual. None of them are complete unto themselves. Think only of the porosity of the modern house, with its multiple inputs and outputs from all over the world (and indeed beyond if we include satellites). Think of the modern park, with people and plants from around the world. Think of a car drive through the city, which for many people is their key experience of place, involving a constant hum of world noise if the radio is on, but also many sensings of a passing landscape that is never entirely local (the concrete comes from another country, the street lamp comes from another city, the grass seed or turf from a distant countryside). …
Cohendet argue that the time is right for research to explore the relationship between two other ... more Cohendet argue that the time is right for research to explore the relationship between two other dimensions of knowledge in order to explain the innovative performance of firms: between knowledge that is 'possessed' and knowledge that is 'practiced' generally within communities of like-minded employees in a firm. The impetus behind this argument is both conceptual and empirical. Conceptually, there is a need to explore the interaction of knowledge that firms possess in the form of established competencies of stored memory, with the knowing that occurs in distributed communities through the conscious and unconscious acts of social interaction. Empirically, the impetus comes from the challenge faced by firms to the hierarchically defined architecture that bring together specialized units of ((possessed)) knowledge and the distributed and always unstable architecture of knowledge that draws on the continuously changing capacity of interpretation among actors. In this book, these questions of the dynamics of innovating/learning through practices of knowing, and the management of the interface between transactional and knowledge imperatives, are approached in a cross-disciplinary and empirically grounded manner. The book is the synthesis of an innovative encounter between a socio-spatial theorist and an economist. The book results from the delicate interplay between two very different epistemologies and consequent positions, but which progressively converged towards what is hoped to be a novel vision. The book begins by explaining why knowledge is becoming more of a core element of the value-generating process in the economy, then juxtaposes the economic and cognitive theorization's of knowledge in firms with pragmatic and socially grounded theorization's and a critical exploration of the neglected dimension of the spatiality of knowledge formation in firms. The book concludes by discussing the corporate governance implications of learning based on competencies and communities, and a how national science and technology policies might respond to the idea of learning as a distributed, non-cognitive, practice-based phenomenon.
Gran Empresa Y Desarrollo Economico 1997 Isbn 84 7738 484 3 Pags 95 119, 1997
Información del artículo El potencial de desarrollo reginal de las inversiones externas en las re... more Información del artículo El potencial de desarrollo reginal de las inversiones externas en las regiones menos favorecidas de la Comunidad Europea.
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