National reports have called for the introduction of research experiences throughout the undergra... more National reports have called for the introduction of research experiences throughout the undergraduate curriculum, but practical implementation at many institutions faces challenges associated with sustainability, cost, and large student populations. We describe a novel course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) that introduces introductory-level students to research in functional genomics in a 3-credit, multisection laboratory class. In the Pathways over Time class project, students study the functional conservation of the methionine biosynthetic pathway between divergent yeast species. Over the five semesters described in this study, students (N = 793) showed statistically significant and sizable growth in content knowledge (d = 1.85) and in self-reported research methods skills (d = 0.65), experimental design, oral and written communication, database use, and collaboration. Statistical analyses indicated that content knowledge growth was larger for underrepresented minority students and that growth in content knowledge, but not research skills, varied by course section. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that CUREs can support the scientific development of large numbers of students with diverse characteristics. The Pathways over Time project is designed to be sustainable and readily adapted to other institutional settings.
XTes decree Ms Dom npooducoO m mond ken Ni oral a lir' meamon ortmtog rt O Miner Wore hem Me mom ... more XTes decree Ms Dom npooducoO m mond ken Ni oral a lir' meamon ortmtog rt O Miner Wore hem Me mom to nprow NerotecUon ;NMI) Poona. nee or opeNes soled n the downed Do NN Afton*/ morimm officel ME
An Attitude Toward Blindness Questionnaire (ATBQ) was developed to assess individual progress thr... more An Attitude Toward Blindness Questionnaire (ATBQ) was developed to assess individual progress through a Veterans ,Administration blind rehabilitation program. The instrument is also meant to Measure attitudes toward blindness for blincl persons, rehabilitation workers, and a "naive" group without contact with the blind. A method of assessing model fit by a Rasch Rating Scale Model was used to make group comparisons for any chosen demographic stratification without re-calibration for every set of comparisons. A conventional analysis of group and item distribution was undertaken, with an alternative analysis further recognizing that group differences must also exist within the residuals from the original overall analysis. The residuals resulted from the difference between observed and modeled responses, and were scaled to yield a standardized residual. The analysis calibrated items to uncover peculiar individual response patterns from a combined sample of workers and blind persons, facilitating the identification of specific rehabilitation needs. Estimate plot, matrix techniques and graphs for comparing group residuals, and the uses of negative residual distributions in the calibrations are described. (CM)
Educational and Psychological Measurement, Feb 1, 1996
The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which environmental context influences th... more The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which environmental context influences the functional performance (caregiver assistance) ratings of children with severe disabilities. Specifically, we investigated differences in the ratings of functional performance when children were rated by their parents at home and by school rehabilitation personnel when reporting on the same children functioning in an educational setting. We examined the context effect (home versus school setting) as a facet in the multifacet Rasch model. The results indicated that the parents and rehabilitation personnel can both be trained to the level of making similar observational judgments, although the parents tended to be stricter in their ratings.
While youth bullying is a critical public health problem, standardized exposure screening is not ... more While youth bullying is a critical public health problem, standardized exposure screening is not routinely practiced. The Child-Adolescent Bullying Scale, (CABS), a psychometrically robust 22-item tool, was designed and evaluated for this purpose using classical test theory. The goals of the present study were to examine and optimize the measurement properties of the CABS using a Rasch psychometric analysis to develop a brief screening tool appropriate for clinical use. A methodologic design and the Rasch rating scale model were employed. Three hundred and fifty-two youths from two clinical sites participated. Rasch-based analyses included evaluation of response category functioning, measurement precision, dimensionality, targeting, differential item functioning and guidance in item reduction. After iterative revisions, the resulting screening instrument consists of 9 items. Cut-scores and interpretive guidance are provided to aid clinical identification of bullying-related risk. Fi...
Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 2005
Tenure, promotion, and salary decisions are influenced by student ratings of instructors (SRIs) (... more Tenure, promotion, and salary decisions are influenced by student ratings of instructors (SRIs) (McKeachie, 1979; Theall & Franklin, 1990; Yao, Weissinger & Grady, 2003). The literature addressing their validity, as a consequence, is voluminous (Marsh, 1987; Seldin, 1997; Silverman, 2001). From one institution of higher education to the next, however, the evaluation instruments take on different formats and address different aspects of teaching and teacher quality. And, from one institution to the next, the degree to which administrators incorporate this information into an overall judgment about teaching quality is often vague at best (Millman & Darling-Hammond, 1990; Scriven, 1995; Theall, Franklin & Ludlow, 1990; Wachtel, 1998).
National reports have called for the introduction of research experiences throughout the undergra... more National reports have called for the introduction of research experiences throughout the undergraduate curriculum, but practical implementation at many institutions faces challenges associated with sustainability, cost, and large student populations. We describe a novel course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) that introduces introductory-level students to research in functional genomics in a 3-credit, multisection laboratory class. In the Pathways over Time class project, students study the functional conservation of the methionine biosynthetic pathway between divergent yeast species. Over the five semesters described in this study, students (N = 793) showed statistically significant and sizable growth in content knowledge (d = 1.85) and in self-reported research methods skills (d = 0.65), experimental design, oral and written communication, database use, and collaboration. Statistical analyses indicated that content knowledge growth was larger for underrepresented minority students and that growth in content knowledge, but not research skills, varied by course section. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that CUREs can support the scientific development of large numbers of students with diverse characteristics. The Pathways over Time project is designed to be sustainable and readily adapted to other institutional settings.
XTes decree Ms Dom npooducoO m mond ken Ni oral a lir' meamon ortmtog rt O Miner Wore hem Me mom ... more XTes decree Ms Dom npooducoO m mond ken Ni oral a lir' meamon ortmtog rt O Miner Wore hem Me mom to nprow NerotecUon ;NMI) Poona. nee or opeNes soled n the downed Do NN Afton*/ morimm officel ME
An Attitude Toward Blindness Questionnaire (ATBQ) was developed to assess individual progress thr... more An Attitude Toward Blindness Questionnaire (ATBQ) was developed to assess individual progress through a Veterans ,Administration blind rehabilitation program. The instrument is also meant to Measure attitudes toward blindness for blincl persons, rehabilitation workers, and a "naive" group without contact with the blind. A method of assessing model fit by a Rasch Rating Scale Model was used to make group comparisons for any chosen demographic stratification without re-calibration for every set of comparisons. A conventional analysis of group and item distribution was undertaken, with an alternative analysis further recognizing that group differences must also exist within the residuals from the original overall analysis. The residuals resulted from the difference between observed and modeled responses, and were scaled to yield a standardized residual. The analysis calibrated items to uncover peculiar individual response patterns from a combined sample of workers and blind persons, facilitating the identification of specific rehabilitation needs. Estimate plot, matrix techniques and graphs for comparing group residuals, and the uses of negative residual distributions in the calibrations are described. (CM)
Educational and Psychological Measurement, Feb 1, 1996
The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which environmental context influences th... more The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which environmental context influences the functional performance (caregiver assistance) ratings of children with severe disabilities. Specifically, we investigated differences in the ratings of functional performance when children were rated by their parents at home and by school rehabilitation personnel when reporting on the same children functioning in an educational setting. We examined the context effect (home versus school setting) as a facet in the multifacet Rasch model. The results indicated that the parents and rehabilitation personnel can both be trained to the level of making similar observational judgments, although the parents tended to be stricter in their ratings.
While youth bullying is a critical public health problem, standardized exposure screening is not ... more While youth bullying is a critical public health problem, standardized exposure screening is not routinely practiced. The Child-Adolescent Bullying Scale, (CABS), a psychometrically robust 22-item tool, was designed and evaluated for this purpose using classical test theory. The goals of the present study were to examine and optimize the measurement properties of the CABS using a Rasch psychometric analysis to develop a brief screening tool appropriate for clinical use. A methodologic design and the Rasch rating scale model were employed. Three hundred and fifty-two youths from two clinical sites participated. Rasch-based analyses included evaluation of response category functioning, measurement precision, dimensionality, targeting, differential item functioning and guidance in item reduction. After iterative revisions, the resulting screening instrument consists of 9 items. Cut-scores and interpretive guidance are provided to aid clinical identification of bullying-related risk. Fi...
Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 2005
Tenure, promotion, and salary decisions are influenced by student ratings of instructors (SRIs) (... more Tenure, promotion, and salary decisions are influenced by student ratings of instructors (SRIs) (McKeachie, 1979; Theall & Franklin, 1990; Yao, Weissinger & Grady, 2003). The literature addressing their validity, as a consequence, is voluminous (Marsh, 1987; Seldin, 1997; Silverman, 2001). From one institution of higher education to the next, however, the evaluation instruments take on different formats and address different aspects of teaching and teacher quality. And, from one institution to the next, the degree to which administrators incorporate this information into an overall judgment about teaching quality is often vague at best (Millman & Darling-Hammond, 1990; Scriven, 1995; Theall, Franklin & Ludlow, 1990; Wachtel, 1998).
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