Introduction. Many studies have shown that recollection process is impaired in patients with schi... more Introduction. Many studies have shown that recollection process is impaired in patients with schizophrenia, whereas familiarity is generally spared. However, in these studies, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) presented is average ROC likely to mask individual differences. Methods. In the present study using a face-recognition task, we computed the individual ROC of patients with schizophrenia and control participants. Each group was divided into two subgroups on the basis of the type of recognition processes implemented: recognition based on familiarity only and recognition based on familiarity and recollection. Results. The recognition performance of the schizophrenia patients was below that of the control participants only when recognition was based solely on familiarity. For the familiarity-alone patients, the score obtained on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) was correlated with the variance of the old-face familiarity. For the familiarity-recollection patients, the score obtained on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was correlated with the decision criterion and with the old-face recollection probability. Conclusions. These results show that one cannot ascribe the impaired recognition observed in patients with schizophrenia to a recollection deficit alone. These results show that individual ROC can be used to distinguish between subtypes of schizophrenia and could serve as a basis for setting up specific cognitive remediation therapy for individuals with schizophrenia.
In this paper, we show how the pseudo-scientific discourse of « proof by the brain » and biomedic... more In this paper, we show how the pseudo-scientific discourse of « proof by the brain » and biomedical drift to naturalize the mind participate in a market economy that reduces knowledge and individuals to only goods.
... Cette approche culmine dans les années 1975 avec les programmes ALICE, StripS, REF, ARF, etc.... more ... Cette approche culmine dans les années 1975 avec les programmes ALICE, StripS, REF, ARF, etc.. La théorie psychologique construite autour du GPS et présentée dans Human Problem Solving (Newell et Simon, 1972) sera détermi-nante sur le développement des ...
Les meconnaissances de la mort s'observent aussi bien chez des malades cerebro-leses qu'a... more Les meconnaissances de la mort s'observent aussi bien chez des malades cerebro-leses qu'au cours des pathologies psychiatriques essentielles. Leur etude a ete initiee dans le cadre des «meconnaissances systematiques» et elles etaient interpretees -meme chez les dements ou l'amnesie est le primum moyens- comme des phenomenes lies a « l'affectivite ». Une etude clinique, neuropsychologique, en imagerie cerebrale completee par un test de conductance cutanee a ete realisee chez un malade atteint d'une demence sous-corticale presentant une forme particuliere de meconnaissance de la mort, celle du compagnon (sa soeur). Une interpretation du phenomene est proposee integrant la constatation d'une importante amnesie anterograde a une anosognosie des troubles et a un defaut de la conscience de soi. L'ensemble de ces deficits etait associe a un etat d'indifference affective qui paraissait constituer le socle de la meconnaissance. Le caractere electif ou non de cette meconnaissance de la mort reste discute.
Abstract When we analyse a particular stimulus, a number of neurons in thebrain are specifically ... more Abstract When we analyse a particular stimulus, a number of neurons in thebrain are specifically activated. The recognition of a visual pattern can be interpreted as the activation of a particular group of such neurons, in a particular way. Some recent results (Freeman, ...
Abstract 1. 16 college students and teachers had to decide whether 2 simultaneously presented sti... more Abstract 1. 16 college students and teachers had to decide whether 2 simultaneously presented stimuli had the same global shape, regardless of their components (letters or shapes) or whether 2 stimuli components were identical, regardless of their global shape. ...
Dans cette étude, la validité du sentiment de savoir (SdS) individuel a été comparée au SdS moyen... more Dans cette étude, la validité du sentiment de savoir (SdS) individuel a été comparée au SdS moyen et à la difficulté moyenne des items pour des tests de rappel, de rappel indicé et de reconnaissance à choix multiple. Le même ensemble de 106 définitions de mots rares a été utilisé pour ces tests. Les résultats montrent que le SdS individuel
Introduction. Many studies have shown that recollection process is impaired in patients with schi... more Introduction. Many studies have shown that recollection process is impaired in patients with schizophrenia, whereas familiarity is generally spared. However, in these studies, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) presented is average ROC likely to mask individual differences. Methods. In the present study using a face-recognition task, we computed the individual ROC of patients with schizophrenia and control participants. Each group was divided into two subgroups on the basis of the type of recognition processes implemented: recognition based on familiarity only and recognition based on familiarity and recollection. Results. The recognition performance of the schizophrenia patients was below that of the control participants only when recognition was based solely on familiarity. For the familiarity-alone patients, the score obtained on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) was correlated with the variance of the old-face familiarity. For the familiarity-recollection patients, the score obtained on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was correlated with the decision criterion and with the old-face recollection probability. Conclusions. These results show that one cannot ascribe the impaired recognition observed in patients with schizophrenia to a recollection deficit alone. These results show that individual ROC can be used to distinguish between subtypes of schizophrenia and could serve as a basis for setting up specific cognitive remediation therapy for individuals with schizophrenia.
In this paper, we show how the pseudo-scientific discourse of « proof by the brain » and biomedic... more In this paper, we show how the pseudo-scientific discourse of « proof by the brain » and biomedical drift to naturalize the mind participate in a market economy that reduces knowledge and individuals to only goods.
... Cette approche culmine dans les années 1975 avec les programmes ALICE, StripS, REF, ARF, etc.... more ... Cette approche culmine dans les années 1975 avec les programmes ALICE, StripS, REF, ARF, etc.. La théorie psychologique construite autour du GPS et présentée dans Human Problem Solving (Newell et Simon, 1972) sera détermi-nante sur le développement des ...
Les meconnaissances de la mort s'observent aussi bien chez des malades cerebro-leses qu'a... more Les meconnaissances de la mort s'observent aussi bien chez des malades cerebro-leses qu'au cours des pathologies psychiatriques essentielles. Leur etude a ete initiee dans le cadre des «meconnaissances systematiques» et elles etaient interpretees -meme chez les dements ou l'amnesie est le primum moyens- comme des phenomenes lies a « l'affectivite ». Une etude clinique, neuropsychologique, en imagerie cerebrale completee par un test de conductance cutanee a ete realisee chez un malade atteint d'une demence sous-corticale presentant une forme particuliere de meconnaissance de la mort, celle du compagnon (sa soeur). Une interpretation du phenomene est proposee integrant la constatation d'une importante amnesie anterograde a une anosognosie des troubles et a un defaut de la conscience de soi. L'ensemble de ces deficits etait associe a un etat d'indifference affective qui paraissait constituer le socle de la meconnaissance. Le caractere electif ou non de cette meconnaissance de la mort reste discute.
Abstract When we analyse a particular stimulus, a number of neurons in thebrain are specifically ... more Abstract When we analyse a particular stimulus, a number of neurons in thebrain are specifically activated. The recognition of a visual pattern can be interpreted as the activation of a particular group of such neurons, in a particular way. Some recent results (Freeman, ...
Abstract 1. 16 college students and teachers had to decide whether 2 simultaneously presented sti... more Abstract 1. 16 college students and teachers had to decide whether 2 simultaneously presented stimuli had the same global shape, regardless of their components (letters or shapes) or whether 2 stimuli components were identical, regardless of their global shape. ...
Dans cette étude, la validité du sentiment de savoir (SdS) individuel a été comparée au SdS moyen... more Dans cette étude, la validité du sentiment de savoir (SdS) individuel a été comparée au SdS moyen et à la difficulté moyenne des items pour des tests de rappel, de rappel indicé et de reconnaissance à choix multiple. Le même ensemble de 106 définitions de mots rares a été utilisé pour ces tests. Les résultats montrent que le SdS individuel
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